Parrotia persica ‘Vanessa’ (Persian Ironwood)

An outstanding four-season small tree, Parrotia persica ‘Vanessa’ (Persian Ironwood) is rich with many exceptional attributes.

Parrotia persica ‘Vanessa’: An In-depth Look

Native: The species is native to the forests of Northern Iran and the Caucasus, but the ‘Vanessa’ cultivar was selectively bred for specific features, making it a popular choice in gardens around the world.

Plant Type and Habit: This deciduous tree has an upright, columnar growth habit that becomes broader as it matures. It creates a natural focal point, suitable for both small and large gardens.

Size: It typically grows to 15-40 feet (4.5 to 12 meters) in height and 10-20 feet (3-6 meters) in spread.

Flowers: Small red flowers adorn this tree, appearing before the foliage in late winter to early spring. Though the blooms are not particularly showy, they add a unique touch to the overall appearance.

Fruits: The fruit of the Parrotia is a two-valved capsule containing a couple of seeds; however, it is inconspicuous and not particularly ornamental.

Foliage: The foliage is perhaps the tree’s most stunning feature. The leaves transition from green to a mix of yellow, orange, and crimson in the fall, offering an autumnal display that’s hard to ignore.

Bark: The bark is another significant attribute; it exfoliates, revealing a tapestry of gray, green, and cream colors underneath.

Award: Recipient of the prestigious Award of Garden Merit of the Royal Horticultural Society for its outstanding qualities.

Hardiness: Parrotia persica is remarkably hardy, tolerating USDA Zones 4-7. It can withstand a wide range of soil types and environmental conditions.

Uses: This tree is often used for ornamental purposes, owing to its attractive foliage, bark, and fall color. It is also used in avenue plantings, as a specimen tree, and is well suited to an open woodland setting. It is pollution tolerant.

Wildlife: While not a primary source of food for wildlife, its flowers attract pollinators like bees.

Deer and Rabbits: Deer will infrequently nibble on the young branches or seedlings of Ironwood, but this tends to happen only when their preferred food options are scarce.

Drought: Though it prefers moist, well-drained soil, Parrotia persica demonstrates a fair amount of drought resistance once established. It is also heat tolerant.

Toxicity: Parrotia persica is non-toxic to both humans and animals, making it a safe choice for family gardens.

Invasiveness: The tree is not considered invasive in North America. It has a slow to moderate growth rate and doesn’t pose a threat to native vegetation.

Benefits: Besides its ornamental benefits, Parrotia persica is low-maintenance, adaptable to various soil types, and pest-resistant – attributes that make it a fantastic choice for both novice and experienced gardeners.

Parrotia persica ‘Vanessa’ is a versatile, attractive, and relatively low-maintenance tree that offers year-round interest, making it a valuable addition to diverse landscapes.

How to Grow and Care for Persian Ironwood

Light: Parrotia persica thrives in full sun to light shade. A sunny spot will help produce the most vibrant fall colors.

Soil: This tree is adaptable to a wide range of soil types but prefers well-drained, moderately fertile soil. It tolerates poor soils and acidic to slightly alkaline pH levels.

Water: Water moderately, especially during the first year to establish roots. Once established, it is relatively drought-tolerant but prefers consistent moisture.

Fertilizer: A balanced slow-release fertilizer can be applied in early spring, although Parrotia persica is not particularly demanding in terms of nutrients.

Pruning: Minimal pruning is required, mostly for shape and to remove any dead or diseased branches. Pruning is best done in late winter or early spring.

Propagation: Propagate by semi-hardwood or softwood cuttings.

Pests and Diseases: Parrotia persica is relatively resistant to pests and diseases. Keep an eye out for armillaria root rot.