Native Plant Alternatives to Picea abies (Norway Spruce)

Picea abies, commonly known as Norway Spruce, is a species of spruce native to Northern, Central, and Eastern Europe. It’s widely grown around the world, including in the United States, for uses including timber production, Christmas trees, and ornamental plantings.

Norway Spruce is listed in the Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States.

Norway Spruce can be invasive in certain areas or under certain conditions. For example, it has been noted as a potential invader in the northeastern U.S., where it can escape from cultivation and naturalize in some forested areas. When it becomes established in natural areas, it can outcompete native vegetation and potentially alter habitat conditions.

According to the U.S Forest Service, Invasive species have contributed to the decline of 42% of U.S. endangered and threatened species and 18% of U.S. endangered or threatened species. Invasive species compete directly with native species for moisture, sunlight, nutrients, and space. They displace and alter native plant communities, degrade wildlife habitat and water quality, and potentially lead to increased soil erosion.

The federal government has estimated that nearly 25 percent of the 20,000 plant species native to North America are at risk of extinction, many of these through habitat loss. You can help reverse this trend by planting great native plants in your garden.

A plant is considered native if it occurs naturally in a particular region or ecosystem without human introduction. There are many benefits to growing native plants. First, these plants are better adapted to soils, moisture, and weather than exotic plants that evolved in other parts of the world. They need fewer fertilizers and pesticides or use less water. Second, they are unlikely to escape and become invasive, destroying natural habitats. Third, they support wildlife, providing shelter and food for native birds and insects, while exotic plants do not.