Monterey Cypress, Cupressus lambertiana, Hesperocyparis macrocarpa
The Monterey Cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa) is a striking evergreen conifer native to the central coast of California. Known for its rapid growth, unique windswept appearance, and tolerance to coastal conditions, it is widely planted as an ornamental tree, windbreak, and hedge. Its deep green, fragrant foliage and rugged bark add texture and interest to landscapes.
This evergreen conifer belongs to the Cupressaceae family, which includes well-known trees such as Italian Cypress, Leyland Cypress, Arizona Cypress, and Monterey Cypress, all valued for their distinctive forms, resilience, and ornamental appeal.
Monterey Cypress is native to a small stretch of California’s central coast, primarily found in two isolated groves at Point Lobos and Cypress Point. Although rare in the wild, it has been widely cultivated in coastal regions worldwide, including New Zealand, Australia, and parts of Europe. In southern Australia, it is extensively planted as a windbreak against the strong ‘Roaring Forties’ winds.
This is a fast-growing, large evergreen conifer with a narrow, pyramidal shape when young. As it matures, it develops a broad, irregular crown, particularly in windy coastal areas where it takes on a sculpted, windswept appearance.
Monterey Cypress grows rapidly, reaching heights of 40-70 feet (12-21 m) with a spread of 20-80 feet (6-24 m). In ideal coastal conditions, some trees exceed 90 feet (27 m). Growth rates can exceed 3 feet (1 m) per year in young trees.
The lifespan of Monterey Cypress is estimated to be between 200 and 300 years.
The foliage is dense, with scale-like needles ranging from bright green to dark green. When crushed, the needles release a pleasant lemony fragrance. Unlike some conifers, Monterey Cypress foliage is non-resinous and remains green year-round.
The bark is reddish-brown to gray, fibrous, and develops shallow furrows as the tree matures. Over time, it splits into grayish, scaly plates, giving it a rugged and weathered appearance, especially in exposed coastal areas.
Monterey Cypress is hardy in USDA Zones 7-10. It thrives in coastal climates but struggles in hot inland areas where it is susceptible to fungal diseases.
Provides shelter for birds and small mammals. The seeds are eaten by various wildlife, including squirrels and deer. The dense canopy offers nesting sites for birds.
Generally resistant to deer browsing, though young trees may be nibbled.
The foliage contains volatile oils that can be mildly toxic to livestock if consumed in large quantities.
Outside its native range, Monterey Cypress can become invasive in certain parts of California, where it spreads from planted windbreaks or hedgerows into surrounding vegetation.
Thrives in full sun and requires at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily.
Prefers well-drained soils, including sandy and loamy soils. Tolerates slightly acidic to neutral pH.
Needs regular watering when young but becomes highly drought-tolerant once established.
Generally does not require fertilization. If growth is slow, apply a balanced fertilizer in early spring.
Prune to remove dead or diseased branches. Avoid heavy pruning as this can stress the tree.
Monterey Cypress typically grows 40 to 70 feet (12-21 m) tall with a spread of 20 to 80 feet (6-24 m). In ideal coastal conditions, some trees can exceed 80 feet (24 m).
No, Monterey Cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa) is a large evergreen tree, while Lemon Cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa ‘Goldcrest’) is a compact, ornamental cultivar with bright yellow foliage.
Monterey Cypress is used for windbreaks, erosion control, privacy screens, and ornamental landscaping. Its wood is valued for furniture, cabinetry, and boat building.
No, Monterey Cypress is a softwood, as it belongs to the coniferous tree family. However, its wood is dense, durable, and resistant to decay.
Cypress wood can be expensive, difficult to find, and challenging to work with due to its density. It also has a tendency to warp if not properly dried.
Monterey Cypress trees typically live 200 to 300 years, though some specimens may survive longer under ideal conditions.
Hardiness |
7 - 10 |
---|---|
Heat Zones |
7 - 11 |
Climate Zones | 17 |
Plant Type | Conifers, Trees |
Plant Family | Cupressaceae |
Genus | Cupressus |
Common names | Monterey Cypress |
Exposure | Full Sun |
Season of Interest | Spring (Early, Mid, Late), Summer (Early, Mid, Late), Fall, Winter |
Height | 40' - 70' (12.2m - 21.3m) |
Spread | 20' - 80' (6.1m - 24.4m) |
Maintenance | Low |
Water Needs | Low, Average |
Soil Type | Clay, Loam |
Soil pH | Acid, Neutral |
Soil Drainage | Well-Drained |
Characteristics | Showy, Evergreen |
Native Plants | California, United States |
Tolerance | Drought, Salt |
Attracts | Butterflies, Birds |
Garden Uses | Hedges And Screens |
Garden Styles | Coastal Garden, Mediterranean Garden |
Hardiness |
7 - 10 |
---|---|
Heat Zones |
7 - 11 |
Climate Zones | 17 |
Plant Type | Conifers, Trees |
Plant Family | Cupressaceae |
Genus | Cupressus |
Common names | Monterey Cypress |
Exposure | Full Sun |
Season of Interest | Spring (Early, Mid, Late), Summer (Early, Mid, Late), Fall, Winter |
Height | 40' - 70' (12.2m - 21.3m) |
Spread | 20' - 80' (6.1m - 24.4m) |
Maintenance | Low |
Water Needs | Low, Average |
Soil Type | Clay, Loam |
Soil pH | Acid, Neutral |
Soil Drainage | Well-Drained |
Characteristics | Showy, Evergreen |
Native Plants | California, United States |
Tolerance | Drought, Salt |
Attracts | Butterflies, Birds |
Garden Uses | Hedges And Screens |
Garden Styles | Coastal Garden, Mediterranean Garden |
How many Cupressus macrocarpa (Monterey Cypress) do I need for my garden?
Plant | Quantity | |
---|---|---|
Cupressus macrocarpa (Monterey Cypress) | N/A | Buy Plants |
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