Pothos vs. Philodendron: Which Houseplant Is Right for You?

Pothos (Epipremnum aureum) and Philodendron are two of the most popular houseplants around the globe, cherished for their beautiful foliage and ease of care. While they share some similarities, there are distinct differences between them. Understanding these differences can help plant enthusiasts choose the right plant for their home environment and care preferences.

What is Pothos?

Pothos, scientifically known as Epipremnum, is a highly adaptable and popular houseplant native to the Solomon Islands. It exhibits a vining growth habit, making it perfect for hanging baskets or as a climbing plant with the support of a moss pole. The foliage of Pothos is its most striking feature, with glossy, heart-shaped leaves that can display a variety of colors and patterns, including green, yellow, white, and variegated forms. Widely used for its aesthetic appeal and air-purifying qualities, Pothos is favored for its low maintenance needs, thriving in a range of lighting conditions and requiring minimal care, making it an ideal plant for beginners and seasoned gardeners alike.

What is Philodendron?

Philodendron is a diverse genus of plants native to the tropical Americas, known for its wide variety of shapes, sizes, and foliage colors. These plants exhibit both climbing and non-climbing (self-heading) growth habits, making them versatile for indoor gardening. Philodendron leaves can be large and imposing or small and delicate, often showcasing deep greens and sometimes featuring striking variegation or unique textures. They are celebrated for their ability to adapt to the low-light conditions typical of indoor environments and are used for their ornamental beauty and air-purifying properties. Philodendrons are favored for their ease of care, making them suitable for a range of indoor settings, from homes to offices.

Philodendron bipinnatifidum (split-leaf philodendron, lacy tree philodendron, horsehead philodendron) 

Differences Between Pothos and Philodendron

Native Habitat

Pothos

• Pothos plants are native to Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific Islands, thriving in tropical forests where they can climb high into the canopy, seeking light. This climbing habit is mimicked in indoor environments, where they can be trained up trellises or allowed to trail from hanging baskets.

Philodendron

• Philodendron species are found throughout the tropical Americas, inhabiting rainforests from the ground layer to the canopy. Their diversity is a testament to their adaptability, with each species finding its niche in a different part of the forest, from the dark underbrush to the bright upper canopy.

Botanical Family

Both Pothos and Philodendron belong to the Araceae family, known for its flowering plants that produce a spadix surrounded by a spathe. However these plants do not belong to the same genus.

Pothos

• Pothos is part of the Epipremnum genus, with Epipremnum aureum being one of the most common species in cultivation.

Philodendron

• Philodendron is a larger genus with over 450 species, showcasing a greater variety in plant form and leaf appearance. This diversity includes everything from the trailing Philodendron hederaceum ‘Brasil’ to the imposing Philodendron bipinnatifidum, which develops large, deeply cut leaves.

Epipremnum aureum (Golden pothos or Devil’s Ivy plant)

Growth Habit and Size

The growth habits and sizes of Pothos and Philodendron plants are key characteristics that can help distinguish between these two popular types of houseplants. While both genera include a variety of species with climbing or trailing habits, there are notable differences in their growth patterns and potential sizes.

Pothos

• Growth Habit: Pothos plants are known for their vining or trailing growth habit, making them popular choices for hanging baskets or high shelves where their long stems can drape downwards. They can also climb if given support, such as a moss pole or trellis.
• Size: Individual leaves of Pothos can grow quite large, depending on the species and growing conditions, but are generally smaller than those of many Philodendron species. The vines of a Pothos can reach lengths of 10 feet (3 meters) or more in indoor conditions, though they can grow much longer in their natural tropical environments.

Philodendron

• Growth Habit: Philodendrons also exhibit a climbing or trailing habit, but they tend to have a more diverse range of leaf shapes and sizes. Some species grow as upright plants with larger leaves, making them stand out from the typically vining Pothos. Philodendrons are adaptable and can be trained to climb with the help of supports.
• Size: Philodendron plants can vary significantly in size, from smaller, compact varieties to large, imposing specimens with leaves that can span several feet in length in some species. Their vines or stems can also grow quite long, similar to Pothos, but the potential for larger leaf size is a notable difference.

Philodendron erubescens (Blusing Philodendron)

Foliage

The foliage of Pothos and Philodendron plants exhibits distinct differences that can help in identifying each:

Pothos

• Leaf Texture and Thickness: Pothos leaves are generally thicker, waxier, and more robust in comparison to Philodendron leaves.
• Leaf Shape: The leaves are often heart-shaped but tend to have a more elongated appearance with a pointed tip. The base of a Pothos leaf where it attaches to the petiole (leaf stem) is usually more even or straight across.
• Color and Variegation: Pothos plants commonly exhibit variegated patterns of green, yellow, white, or even silver. The variegation depends on the variety, with ‘Golden Pothos‘ and ‘Marble Queen‘ being popular examples.

Philodendron

• Leaf Texture and Thickness: Philodendron leaves are usually thinner, softer, and sometimes even slightly translucent. They are less waxy compared to Pothos leaves.
• Leaf Shape: Philodendron leaves often have a more pronounced heart shape, especially in varieties like Philodendron hederaceum (heartleaf Philodendron). The base of the leaf where it connects to the petiole often curves inwards, creating a more distinct heart shape.
• Color and Variegation: While some Philodendron species are variegated, many are notable for their solid green color. Some species and cultivars, however, such as Philodendron ‘Brasil’, do offer variegated foliage.

Epipremnum Aureum ‘Marble Queen’ (Golden Pothos)

Aerial Roots

The aerial roots of Pothos and Philodendron plants serve as one of the distinguishing features between these two popular houseplants.

Pothos

• Aerial Root Structure: Pothos typically produce single, thick aerial roots at each node (the points on the stem where leaves attach). These roots are robust and can be quite long, helping the plant to anchor to and climb surfaces or support structures.
• Functionality: The aerial roots of Pothos are primarily used for clinging and climbing, allowing the plant to attach itself to a support or grow along a surface. They can also absorb moisture and nutrients from the air in humid environments.

Philodendron

• Aerial Root Structure: Philodendron plants often produce multiple aerial roots per node, which can be thinner and more numerous than those of Pothos. These roots can appear more hair-like or fibrous and are also used for climbing and support.
• Functionality: Similar to Pothos, the aerial roots in Philodendron help the plant to climb and attach to surfaces. However, due to their number and structure, they may be more efficient at absorbing moisture and nutrients from the air, supporting the plant’s growth in less fertile conditions.

Care Requirements

The care requirements for Pothos and Philodendron plants are quite similar due to their comparable tropical origins, which makes both genera well-suited for indoor environments. However, there are subtle differences in their care that can impact their health and growth. Understanding these nuances can help ensure that each plant thrives in its environment.

Light

• Pothos: Prefers bright, indirect light but can tolerate lower light conditions better than many other houseplants. Its variegated varieties, however, may require more light to maintain the variegation in their leaves.
• Philodendron: Also thrives in bright, indirect light but generally can tolerate a wider range of light conditions, including lower light environments. Some species with larger leaves may be more adaptable to lower light conditions.

Water

• Pothos: Allows the soil to dry out partially between waterings. Pothos is somewhat drought-tolerant and can suffer from overwatering, which leads to root rot.
• Philodendron: Prefers consistently moist but not waterlogged soil. While it is important not to let the soil dry out completely, good drainage is crucial to prevent root rot.

Humidity

• Pothos: Tolerates average indoor humidity levels but appreciates higher humidity. Spritzing the leaves or placing a humidifier nearby can benefit its growth.
• Philodendron: Generally prefers higher humidity levels than Pothos, which supports its lush foliage growth. Regular misting or a humid environment can help meet its humidity needs.

Soil

• Pothos and Philodendron: Both thrive in well-draining, nutrient-rich soil. A potting mix designed for indoor plants or a blend incorporating peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite works well for both.

Fertilization

• Pothos: Fertilize monthly during the growing season (spring and summer) with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength.
• Philodendron: Also benefits from regular fertilization during the growing season but may appreciate a formula higher in nitrogen to support leaf growth.

Pruning

• Pothos: Regular pruning can help manage its length and encourage bushier growth. It’s also beneficial for removing any yellow or damaged leaves.
• Philodendron: Pruning can help shape the plant and encourage more dense growth. Removing dead or yellowing leaves keeps the plant healthy and attractive.

Propagation

• Pothos and Philodendron: Both can be easily propagated from stem cuttings placed in water or soil, making them ideal for sharing with friends or expanding your collection.

Despite these differences, both Pothos and Philodendron are considered low-maintenance, making them excellent choices for beginners and seasoned plant enthusiasts alike. Adjusting care slightly to match each plant’s preferences will ensure they remain vibrant and healthy.

Caution: Pothos and Philodendron plants are toxic to humans and pets if ingested, causing mouth and stomach irritation and potentially leading to vomiting.