Begonia rex shines as an indoor plant with its dazzling foliage, thriving in low-light conditions and offering easy care for gardeners of all levels.
Rex Begonia, scientifically known as Begonia rex-cultorum, stands out in the world of houseplants for its stunning foliage, making it a favored choice for indoor gardeners seeking beauty and variety. This plant is celebrated not for its flowers but for its vividly colored and textured leaves. They are often heart-shaped or spiraled, showcasing a rich tapestry of colors and patterns. The leaves can have a metallic sheen, velvet-like surfaces, or crisp graphic patterns, making each variety unique. They come in an array of shades, including silver, pink, red, green, and purple.
Native: Rex Begonia is native to northeastern India, southern China, and Vietnam. It thrives in the humid, shaded undergrowth of tropical forests. The “rex” in its name refers to its regal appearance, hinting at the luxurious visual appeal of its foliage.
Rex Begonia belongs to the begonia family (Begoniaceae), which includes over 1,800 species and thousands of hybrids. Begonia rex-cultorum is a group of cultivated hybrids derived from the wild species Begonia rex.
Growth Habit: Rex Begonia is a tender rhizomatous perennial, meaning it grows from rhizomes (horizontal underground stems) and can persist for several years under the right conditions. The plants typically have a compact, bushy growth habit.
Size: Most Rex Begonias grow to be about 12 to 18 inches tall and wide (30-45 cm), making them an ideal size for tabletop displays or indoor plant arrangements.
Flowers: While Rex Begonias can bloom, their flowers are generally inconspicuous compared to their dramatic foliage. The blooms are small and can vary in color, often appearing in the cooler months.
Foliage: The foliage is the standout feature, with each leaf being a work of art. The diversity of leaf patterns, colors, and textures is what draws most to this plant, with some varieties also featuring ruffled or crinkled edges.
Hardiness: Rex Begonia is hardy in USDA zones 10-12, meaning it is not frost-tolerant. It is best grown as an indoor plant in most climates, thriving in temperatures between 60°F to 75°F (15°C to 24°C).
Uses: They are primarily used for decorative purposes indoors and are prized for their decorative leaves. They’re popular in terrariums, as tabletop plants, or in shaded summer gardens where climates allow.
Toxicity: Rex Begonias are considered mildly toxic if ingested, causing irritation of the mouth and stomach. It’s best to keep them out of reach of pets and children.
Rex Begonia stands out for several special qualities that make it a beloved choice among indoor gardeners and plant enthusiasts:
Stunning Foliage: Perhaps the most captivating feature of Rex Begonia is its foliage. The leaves come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and, most notably, colors and patterns. From silver, pink, and green to deep reds and purples, often with intricate designs and textures, Rex Begonia leaves can resemble painted artwork, adding aesthetic value to any space.
Variety: The Rex Begonia group encompasses a wide range of cultivars and hybrids, each offering unique leaf patterns and colors. This diversity allows plant lovers to collect multiple varieties without repeating the same look.
Low Light Adaptability: While they thrive in medium light, Rex Begonias can adapt to lower light conditions better than many other colorful plants. This adaptability makes them suitable for indoor environments where natural light is limited.
Air Purification: Like many indoor plants, Rex Begonias can contribute to a healthier indoor environment by filtering out certain toxins and improving air quality, though their primary appeal is their stunning visual appearance.
Easy Care: Despite their exotic looks, Rex Begonias are relatively easy to care for. They require consistent moisture, good drainage, and avoidance of direct sunlight, making them accessible to a wide range of gardeners, from beginners to experts.
Versatility in Use: Rex Begonias are not just limited to being grown in pots. They are also popular choices for terrariums, dish gardens, and as understory plants in indoor plant arrangements, providing flexibility in interior decorating.
| Hardiness |
10 - 12 |
|---|---|
| Plant Type | Houseplants, Perennials |
| Plant Family | Begoniaceae |
| Genus | Begonia |
| Exposure | Partial Sun, Shade |
| Season of Interest |
Spring (Early, Mid, Late) Summer (Early, Mid, Late) Fall Winter |
| Height |
1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
| Spread |
1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
| Maintenance | Low |
| Water Needs | Average |
| Soil Type | Loam, Sand |
| Soil pH | Acid, Neutral, Alkaline |
| Soil Drainage | Well-Drained, Moist but Well-Drained |
| Characteristics | Showy, Evergreen |
| Tolerance | Full Shade |
| Landscaping Ideas | Patio And Containers |
| Garden Styles | Mediterranean Garden |
Growing and caring for Rex Begonia involves creating an environment miming its native tropical habitat, focusing on light, humidity, and soil conditions.
Light: Rex Begonia plants display a notable adaptability to varying light conditions. While their ideal environment is one of bright, indirect light, they possess a remarkable capacity to adjust to lower light levels. In lower light, their growth rate may slow, and their vibrant leaf coloration could become less pronounced compared to when they are placed in more optimal lighting conditions. However, they will generally maintain their health and continue to add visual interest to the space.
Soil: Use a well-draining, light, and airy potting mix. A mixture of peat, perlite, and vermiculite can provide the right balance for moisture and air around the roots.
Water: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so ensure good drainage.
Temperature and Humidity: These plants thrive in warmer conditions, preferring temperatures between 60°F to 75°F (15°C to 24°C). Protect them from drafts and sudden temperature changes. High humidity (50%) is crucial for Rex Begonias. Maintain humidity around the plant through misting, using a humidifier, or placing the pot on a tray filled with pebbles and water.
Fertilization: Feed Rex Begonias with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer every month during the growing season (spring through summer). Reduce feeding in the fall and winter.
Pruning: Regularly remove any dead or damaged leaves to encourage new growth and maintain the plant’s appearance. This also helps prevent disease.
Repotting: Repot your Rex Begonia every 1-2 years or when it becomes root-bound. Spring is the best time for repotting, which gives the plant a fresh start in a larger pot if needed.
Propagating Rex Begonia can be a rewarding experience, allowing you to multiply your collection of these stunning plants. The most common method for propagating Rex Begonias is through leaf cuttings. Here’s how you can do it:
Select a Healthy Leaf: Choose a healthy, mature leaf from your Rex Begonia. Ensure the leaf is free from pests, diseases, and damage.
Cut the Leaf: Using a clean, sharp pair of scissors or a knife, cut the leaf into sections. Each section should include a part of the vein. You can cut the leaf into wedges or squares that include veins for more intricate patterns or larger leaves.
Prepare the Soil: Fill a shallow tray or pot with a well-draining, moist potting mix suitable for begonias. You can use a mix of peat moss, perlite, or vermiculite.
Plant the Cuttings: Place the leaf sections vein-side down on the soil’s surface. You can lightly press the cuttings into the soil to ensure contact, but do not bury them.
Create Humidity: Cover the tray or pot with plastic wrap or place it inside a plastic bag to create a humid environment, which is crucial for the cuttings to root. Ensure there are a few holes for ventilation.
Place in Indirect Light: Position the tray in a warm, bright spot out of direct sunlight. The ideal temperature for rooting is between 70°F to 75°F (21°C to 24°C).
Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. The high-humidity environment should help reduce the need for frequent watering.
Wait for Roots: In a few weeks, roots and new growth should begin to develop from the veins. This process can take time, so patience is key.
Transplanting: Once the new plants have established a good root system and are large enough to handle, gently transplant them into individual pots.
Rex Begonia, while relatively hardy, can encounter several pests, diseases, and common problems that can affect their health and appearance.
Spider mites: These tiny pests thrive in dry conditions and can cause the foliage to look dull and stippled. Increase humidity and wash the plant with water. In severe cases, use insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Mealybugs: Recognizable by their cotton-like white masses, they suck plant sap, weakening it. Remove them manually using a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol or apply insecticidal soap.
Aphids: These small, green pests suck sap from new growth. Rinse them off with water or treat the plant with neem oil.
Thrips: Thrips are tiny, winged insects that feed on Rex Begonia leaves, causing stippling, silvering, or distortion. Combat them by rinsing plants with water, using yellow sticky traps, or applying insecticidal soap or neem oil for more severe infestations.
Root rot: Overwatering and poor drainage are common causes of root rot. Signs include yellowing leaves and a wilted appearance. Prevent root rot by ensuring the pot has good drainage and by watering only when the top inch of soil is dry.
Gray Mold (Botrytis): Gray mold manifests as fuzzy, gray growth on leaves and stems, particularly in humid conditions. Improve air circulation, reduce humidity, and remove affected parts. Fungicides can be used in persistent cases, but prevention is key.
Powdery mildew: This fungal disease appears as white, powdery spots on leaves and stems. Improve air circulation and reduce humidity to prevent its spread. Fungicides can also be used if necessary.
Leaf Spot and Blight: Caused by fungal or bacterial infections, leading to discolored spots on leaves. Remove affected leaves and avoid wetting the foliage when watering.
Brown Leaf Edges: Often a result of low humidity, excessive fertilizer, or tap water with high mineral content. Use filtered water, reduce fertilizer use, and maintain higher humidity.
Fading Leaf Color: Insufficient light can cause Rex Begonia’s vibrant foliage to fade. Ensure the plant receives bright, indirect light to maintain its coloration.
Rex Begonias do not need full sun and actually prefer to avoid it. They thrive in bright, indirect light. Direct sunlight can scorch their leaves, so it’s best to provide them with a location that receives filtered light.
Yes, Rex Begonias are excellent indoor plants. Their preference for indirect light and moderate humidity levels makes them well-suited for indoor environments. Their striking foliage adds a decorative touch to homes and offices.
Rex Begonias generally prefer not to be too root-bound. While they can tolerate being slightly root-bound, overly tight conditions can stress the plant, leading to reduced growth and health. Repotting every 1-2 years, or when you notice roots significantly crowding the pot, can help maintain their vigor.
As perennials, Rex Begonias can come back every year if they are grown in appropriate conditions. Indoors, where they’re protected from extreme temperatures, they can thrive and maintain their lush appearance year-round.
You can put your Rex Begonia outside during the warmer months, provided it’s placed in a spot that mimics its indoor light requirements—bright, indirect light, and protected from direct sunlight. Ensure outdoor conditions also protect the plant from extreme temperatures or harsh weather. Transition the plant gradually to outdoor conditions to avoid shock, and bring it back indoors before temperatures drop in the fall.
| Hardiness |
10 - 12 |
|---|---|
| Plant Type | Houseplants, Perennials |
| Plant Family | Begoniaceae |
| Genus | Begonia |
| Exposure | Partial Sun, Shade |
| Season of Interest |
Spring (Early, Mid, Late) Summer (Early, Mid, Late) Fall Winter |
| Height |
1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
| Spread |
1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
| Maintenance | Low |
| Water Needs | Average |
| Soil Type | Loam, Sand |
| Soil pH | Acid, Neutral, Alkaline |
| Soil Drainage | Well-Drained, Moist but Well-Drained |
| Characteristics | Showy, Evergreen |
| Tolerance | Full Shade |
| Landscaping Ideas | Patio And Containers |
| Garden Styles | Mediterranean Garden |
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Create a membership account to save your garden designs and to view them on any device.
Becoming a contributing member of Gardenia is easy and can be done in just a few minutes. If you provide us with your name, email address and the payment of a modest $25 annual membership fee, you will become a full member, enabling you to design and save up to 25 of your garden design ideas.
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