Prunus serrulata (Japanese Cherry Blossom)

Incredibly pretty when in full bloom, the Japanese Cherry Blossom tree, Prunus serrulata, is primarily grown for its profuse and showy spring blossoms.

While the Prunus serrulata species is rarely sold in commerce, its many beautiful cultivars are extremely popular with gardeners, in particular the Kanzan cherry, which is responsible, along with the Yoshino cherry (Prunus x yedoensis) for the outstanding pink floral display each spring in Washington, D.C.

What is Prunus serrulata?

Prunus serrulata, commonly known as the Japanese Cherry Blossom or Sakura, is a species of cherry native to Japan, Korea, and China, and it’s renowned for its stunning spring display of delicate, usually blush-pink flowers.

Habit and Size: This deciduous tree typically grows to a height and spread of 15-25 feet (4.5-7.5 meters), though some varieties can reach up to 50 feet (15 meters). Depending on the cultivar, it may boast an upright-spreading habit that becomes more layered with age or a weeping habit.

Flowers: The flowers are borne in clusters of 2-5 before the leaves appear, usually from late April to early May, providing a dazzling spring show. Depending on cultivars, the flowers may come in shades of white and pink and may be single, semi-double, or double. The double-flowered varieties tend to hold their bloom longer. Some are fragrant. Unlike the species that bear black, pea-sized sour cherries, most cultivars are fruitless.

Foliage: The dark green, serrated leaves emerge coppery-bronze, mature to green in summer, and then turn vibrant shades of yellow, orange, and red in fall.

Bark: The thin, smooth, reddish to bronze, shiny bark, marked with prominent lenticels, is also a notable feature, adding winter interest.

Hardiness: Japanese Cherry Blossom trees are hardy to USDA zones 5-8.

Uses: It is primarily used as an ornamental tree and is ideal for planting in parks and gardens, often used as a specimen tree or in streetscapes for its aesthetic value.

Pollinators: The flowers attract pollinators like bees and butterflies.

Deer and Rabbit: Deer usually ignore these trees, but rabbits can cause damage, especially to younger trees with thin bark.

Toxicity: Be aware that the leaves, stems, and seeds are toxic to cats, dogs, and horses.

Pests and Diseases: Despite its beauty, the Japanese Cherry Blossom tree has some susceptibility to pests and diseases. Also, it tends to be relatively short-lived, often with a lifespan of only 15-20 years due to these issues. Regular care and preventative measures can help ensure the health and longevity of these beautiful trees.

Cultural Significance: One key fact is the cultural significance of Prunus serrulata in its native Japan. The spring blooming of sakura is celebrated with hanami parties, where people gather to picnic under the blooming trees, a tradition dating back over a thousand years. Also, many cultivars have been developed over centuries, each celebrated for its unique flower form and color.

Why Should I Grow a Japanese Cherry Blossom Tree?

The Japanese Cherry Blossom tree is a stellar choice for any garden due to several reasons:

Stunning Blooms: The primary allure of these trees is their stunning spring display of blossoms, usually in various shades of pink. This dramatic floral exhibition transforms any landscape into a picturesque scene, adding beauty and charm.

Seasonal Interest: Besides their striking blossoms, these trees offer seasonal interest. Their leaves emerge a coppery-bronze, mature to green in summer, and then shift to a vibrant palette of yellows, oranges, and reds in the autumn. The shiny, chestnut-brown bark adds a touch of beauty during the winter months.

Attracts Pollinators: The blossoms are attractive to bees and other pollinators, promoting biodiversity in your garden.

Versatile Use: These trees can be planted as standalone specimens for their beauty or used in streetscapes and public parks due to their compact size and attractive form