Camphor Tree, Camphor Laurel, Camphorwood, Camphor Laurel Tree, Camphora officinarum, Camphora Camphora
Cinnamomum camphora, commonly known as the camphor tree, is a broad-canopied evergreen prized for its glossy foliage, pungent aroma, and therapeutic oils. Native to East Asia, this impressive tree has been cherished for centuries in traditional medicine, woodworking, and as a natural insect repellent. It also happens to be a striking landscape tree that brings elegance and shade to gardens worldwide.
Like cinnamon, camphor belongs to the Lauraceae family—known for its essential oils and aromatic members. Notable relatives include bay laurel (Laurus nobilis), avocado (Persea americana), spicebush (Lindera benzoin), and sassafras (Sassafras albidum).
The camphor tree is a fast-growing evergreen with a wide canopy and deeply furrowed bark. When its shiny green leaves are crushed, they release a strong, clean, camphor scent. The essential oil derived from its leaves, bark, and wood is used in ointments, balms, and natural repellents.
Native to China, Taiwan, southern Japan, and Vietnam, camphor trees have been introduced to warm regions around the world, including the southern United States, South Africa, and Australia, where they often thrive—and occasionally overstep.
Camphor trees grow vigorously, gaining 2–3 feet (60–90 cm) per year in warm climates. Their dense branching forms a domed crown, and they are notably resilient in urban and coastal settings.
Mature trees typically reach 40–50 feet (12–15 m) tall with a spread of 50-70 feet (15-21m). In ideal native conditions, they may exceed 100 feet (30 m), and some specimens in China reportedly grow up to 164 feet (50 meters). Lifespans of 100–150 years are common.
The alternate leaves are leathery, oval, and aromatic. When young, they may appear reddish or bronze before turning glossy green. Crushed leaves release the unmistakable camphor scent used in oils and salves.
In late spring, small creamy-white flowers bloom in clusters. Though not especially showy, they attract small flies and pollinators. These are followed by shiny black berries (drupes) that are toxic to humans but beloved by birds—who spread the seeds efficiently.
Camphor trees grow best in USDA zones 9–11. They tolerate full sun, drought, heat, and a range of soil types, as long as drainage is good.
The flowers attract bees, flies, and other pollinators. Camphor trees are recognized as host plants for certain butterfly species. For example, the Common Bluebottle (Graphium sarpedon) uses Cinnamomum camphora as a larval host, with caterpillars feeding on the tree’s leaves. Birds enjoy the fruit, helping to disperse seeds far and wide. The tree’s dense canopy also provides valuable shelter for wildlife.
Thanks to their strong aroma and bitter foliage, camphor trees are typically unappealing to deer and rabbits, making them a good choice for wildlife-prone areas.
Camphor oil can be toxic if ingested in large quantities. It poses health risks to children, pets, and adults when consumed. Use only as directed, and store oils and salves safely out of reach.
Camphor trees can become aggressively invasive in warm, moist climates. In places like Florida and eastern Australia, they displace native vegetation and alter ecosystems. If planting, be sure to monitor seedling spread and avoid cultivating near sensitive habitats.
The camphor tree offers more than shade and beauty—it’s a botanical treasure chest of aromatic oils, time-tested remedies, and natural solutions. From ancient medicine to modern aromatherapy, here’s how Cinnamomum camphora is used around the world:
From healing oils to aromatic wood, the camphor tree has a long history of practical and medicinal uses. Just remember: a little goes a long way with this powerful plant!
The camphor tree is a powerful presence—both visually and aromatically. With mindful planting and maintenance, it can be a striking and useful addition to the right landscape.
Ever admired the shimmering green leaves and spicy scent of a camphor tree? Cinnamomum camphora is more than just beautiful—it’s a tough, aromatic evergreen that adds character, shade, and herbal benefits to your landscape.
Camphor trees thrive in warm, subtropical to tropical climates. Optimal growth occurs between 50–80°F (10–27°C), though they tolerate heat up to 100°F (38°C) and brief cold down to 20°F (–6°C). Best suited for USDA zones 9–11, they prefer full sun and good air circulation. While adaptable to partial shade, trees grown in lower light may be less dense, more leggy, and smaller overall.
Moderately drought-tolerant once established, camphor trees grow best with 1,000–2,000 mm of well-distributed annual rainfall. Avoid planting in areas prone to standing water or poor drainage.
These trees prefer well-drained loamy or sandy soils with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.5–7.0). Although adaptable, they dislike compacted or waterlogged conditions, which can lead to root problems.
Water young trees regularly for the first few years to establish strong roots. Mature camphor trees are resilient but benefit from occasional deep watering during prolonged dry periods.
Feed once or twice a year with a balanced fertilizer in spring and midsummer. Compost or mulch at the base helps retain moisture and enriches soil health.
Prune to remove weak, dead, or crossing branches and to shape the canopy. Late winter to early spring is ideal. Avoid heavy pruning, which may reduce vigor and flowering.
With minimal care, camphor trees grow into impressive, aromatic giants. Give them sun, space, and a bit of attention—and enjoy decades of shade, scent, and beauty.
Camphor trees (Cinnamomum camphora) can be propagated by seed, cuttings, or air layering. While they self-seed readily in nature, cuttings and layering offer more control for gardeners.
Young camphor trees appreciate filtered light, steady moisture, and warmth. Once established, they grow into tough, adaptable trees with glossy foliage, camphor-scented leaves, and a commanding garden presence. Just plant with care—camphor can self-seed aggressively in some climates.
Though robust and long-lived, camphor trees can face pest and disease pressures—especially in warm, humid areas or disturbed environments. Regular monitoring helps keep these problems in check.
While camphor trees are generally resilient, proper care and early attention to symptoms can ensure long-term health and aromatic charm in your garden or landscape.
Camphor is a white, waxy, crystalline substance with a strong menthol-like aroma. It’s extracted from the wood of the camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora) or synthetically produced, and is used in medicine, cosmetics, and religious ceremonies.
Camphor is commonly used in topical remedies for coughs, muscle pain, and skin irritation. It also appears in chest rubs, balms, moth repellents, and as a fragrant ingredient in incense and candles.
Camphor is safe when used externally in small amounts. However, ingesting even a small quantity can be toxic—especially to children and pets. Always follow dosage guidelines and avoid internal use unless directed by a medical professional.
Yes, camphor oil is used in aromatherapy for its clearing, invigorating effects. It can help ease congestion and boost focus when diffused—though it should be used sparingly due to its potency.
Both! Natural camphor is extracted from Cinnamomum camphora, but much of the camphor found in products today is synthesized from turpentine oil.
Yes. Camphor is a traditional insect repellent, often used to deter moths and mosquitoes. It’s commonly added to sachets, mothballs, or oils for natural pest control.
Camphor is found in many vapor rubs and decongestant balms. When inhaled or applied to the chest, it may temporarily relieve congestion and ease breathing.
| Hardiness |
9 - 11 |
|---|---|
| Plant Type | Trees |
| Plant Family | Lauraceae |
| Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
| Season of Interest | Spring (Early, Mid, Late), Summer (Early, Mid, Late), Fall, Winter |
| Height | 40' - 50' (12.2m - 15.2m) |
| Spread | 40' - 70' (12.2m - 21.3m) |
| Maintenance | High |
| Water Needs | Average |
| Soil Type | Clay, Loam, Sand |
| Soil pH | Acid, Neutral, Alkaline |
| Soil Drainage | Moist but Well-Drained |
| Characteristics | Showy, Fragrant, Evergreen |
| Tolerance | Drought, Dry Soil |
| Attracts | Bees, Butterflies, Birds |
| Garden Styles | Informal and Cottage, Mediterranean Garden |
| Hardiness |
9 - 11 |
|---|---|
| Plant Type | Trees |
| Plant Family | Lauraceae |
| Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
| Season of Interest | Spring (Early, Mid, Late), Summer (Early, Mid, Late), Fall, Winter |
| Height | 40' - 50' (12.2m - 15.2m) |
| Spread | 40' - 70' (12.2m - 21.3m) |
| Maintenance | High |
| Water Needs | Average |
| Soil Type | Clay, Loam, Sand |
| Soil pH | Acid, Neutral, Alkaline |
| Soil Drainage | Moist but Well-Drained |
| Characteristics | Showy, Fragrant, Evergreen |
| Tolerance | Drought, Dry Soil |
| Attracts | Bees, Butterflies, Birds |
| Garden Styles | Informal and Cottage, Mediterranean Garden |
How many Cinnamomum camphora (Camphor Tree) do I need for my garden?
| Plant | Quantity | |
|---|---|---|
| Cinnamomum camphora (Camphor Tree) | N/A | Buy Plants |
Create a membership account to save your garden designs and to view them on any device.
Becoming a contributing member of Gardenia is easy and can be done in just a few minutes. If you provide us with your name, email address and the payment of a modest $25 annual membership fee, you will become a full member, enabling you to design and save up to 25 of your garden design ideas.
Join now and start creating your dream garden!
Create a membership account to save your garden designs and to view them on any device.
Becoming a contributing member of Gardenia is easy and can be done in just a few minutes. If you provide us with your name, email address and the payment of a modest $25 annual membership fee, you will become a full member, enabling you to design and save up to 25 of your garden design ideas.
Join now and start creating your dream garden!
