Alphabetical Plant Listing

Fraxinus americana (White Ash)

American Ash, Canadian Ash, White Ash, Biltmore Ash, Biltmore White Ash


Native to eastern North America, Fraxinus americana (White Ash) is a magnificent, large, deciduous tree with a straight trunk and a dense crown, pyramidal to upright-oval when young, becoming rounded with age. The foliage of compound pinnate, dark green leaves contains 5-9 leaflets which turn rich shades of yellow to reddish purple in the fall. After dropping to the ground, the attractive silvery-brown bark, ridged and furrowed into diamond-shaped patterns, is revealed, providing winter interest. In mid-late spring, purplish male and female flowers appear on separate trees. The female flowers are followed by drooping clusters of winged samaras, 2 in. long (5 cm), that ripen in fall and may persist on the tree throughout winter. Tough, the wood of White Ash is particularly suited for making baseball bats, tennis racquets, hockey sticks, polo mallets, oars, and playground equipment. Resistant to heat, Fraxinus americana is a splendid shade tree or specimen tree for a large landscape. 

  • Grows up to 60-80 ft. tall and wide (18-24 m).
  • A full sun lover, this plant is easily grown in organically rich, moist, well-drained loams. Some drought tolerance once established.
  • Perfect as a specimen plant.
  • This beautiful tree is subject to the emerald ash borer, which can kill the tree within 3-5 years after infestation. This borer now constitutes a serious threat to all species of ash in North America.
  • Keep an eye our for lilac borer, carpenter worm, oyster shell scale, leaf miners, fall webworms, ash sawflies and ash leaf curl aphid. Potential disease problems include fungal leaf spots, powdery mildew, rust, anthracnose, cankers and ash yellows.
  • Deer resistant.
  • Native to eastern North America.

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Requirements

Hardiness 3 – 9
Heat Zones 6 – 9
Climate Zones 1, 1A, 1B, 2, 2A, 2B, 3, 3A, 3B, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17
Plant Type Trees
Plant Family Fraxinus - Ash Trees
Exposure Full Sun
Season of Interest Spring (Mid,Late)
Summer (Early,Mid,Late)
Fall
Height 60' – 80' (18m – 24m)
Spread 60' – 80' (18m – 24m)
Water Needs Average
Maintenance Average
Soil Type Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pH Acid, Neutral
Soil Drainage Moist but Well-Drained
Characteristics Showy
Native Plants United States, Midwest, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Wisconsin, Northeast, Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Massachusetts, Maryland, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Rocky Mountains, Colorado, Southeast, Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Southwest, Oklahoma, Texas
Tolerance Deer
Attracts Birds
Garden Styles Prairie and Meadow

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Peter Turner Photography, Shutterstock, 123rf

While every effort has been made to describe these plants accurately, please keep in mind that height, bloom time, and color may differ in various climates. The description of these plants has been written based on numerous outside resources.


Requirements

Hardiness 3 – 9
Heat Zones 6 – 9
Climate Zones 1, 1A, 1B, 2, 2A, 2B, 3, 3A, 3B, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17
Plant Type Trees
Plant Family Fraxinus - Ash Trees
Exposure Full Sun
Season of Interest Spring (Mid,Late)
Summer (Early,Mid,Late)
Fall
Height 60' – 80' (18m – 24m)
Spread 60' – 80' (18m – 24m)
Water Needs Average
Maintenance Average
Soil Type Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pH Acid, Neutral
Soil Drainage Moist but Well-Drained
Characteristics Showy
Native Plants United States, Midwest, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Wisconsin, Northeast, Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Massachusetts, Maryland, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Rocky Mountains, Colorado, Southeast, Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Southwest, Oklahoma, Texas
Tolerance Deer
Attracts Birds
Garden Styles Prairie and Meadow

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