Philodendron erubescens (Blushing Philodendron)

Philodendron erubescens, commonly known as the Blushing Philodendron or Red-leaf Philodendron, is a stunningly beautiful and versatile plant that has captivated the hearts of indoor plant enthusiasts worldwide. This species is part of the large Philodendron genus, known for its easy care and striking appearance.

Philodendron erubescens – Blushing Philodendron: An In-depth Look

Philodendron erubescens is a tropical plant noted for its unique coloration and robust growth. It is distinguished by its glossy, heart-shaped leaves ranging in color from deep green to dark red or even purple, particularly on the undersides and stems, giving it the name “Blushing Philodendron.” This coloration makes it a standout among other philodendrons and a favorite among collectors.

Native: Philodendrons are native to the tropical regions of the Americas and the Caribbean. These plants are accustomed to the warm, humid environments of rainforests. They belong to the arum family (Araceae), along with Zantedeschia (Calla Lily), Caladium (Angel Wing), Monstera (Swiss Cheese Plant), or Colocasia (Elephant Ear).

Plant Type and Habit: Philodendron erubescens is an evergreen perennial that exhibits both climbing and self-heading habits, depending on the variety and growing conditions. In its natural habitat, it often climbs trees with the help of aerial roots, reaching towards the canopy in search of light. When grown indoors, it can be trained to climb up moss poles or trellises or allowed to spread outwards if given the space.

Size: The size of Philodendron erubescens can vary significantly depending on its growing conditions. In its native habitat, it can reach 60 feet in height (18 meters). However, when grown indoors, it typically grows 3 feet tall (90 cm) and 16 inches wide (40 cm).

Flowers: While Philodendron erubescens is primarily grown for its foliage, it can produce flowers, especially in optimal conditions. The flowers are typical of the aroid family, featuring a spadix surrounded by a spathe, though they are not as commonly seen in indoor settings. The flowering event is a rare and special occurrence in mature plants.

Foliage: The foliage of Philodendron erubescens is arguably its most attractive feature. The leaves are large, glossy, and heart-shaped, up to 16 inches long (40 cm), with a rich color palette that adds depth and beauty to any collection. The striking contrast between the green tops and the reddish-purple undersides of the leaves is particularly eye-catching, making it a popular choice for decorative purposes.

Hardiness: If planted outdoors, this plant is hardy in USDA zones 10-12. It is best suited to indoor environments where temperatures can be kept consistent, ideally between 65-85°F (18-29°C). It is not frost-tolerant and should be protected from cold drafts.

Award: Recipient of the prestigious Award of Garden Merit of the Royal Horticultural Society.

Uses: Philodendron erubescens is versatile, serving both aesthetic and functional roles in indoor spaces. Its lush foliage and striking coloration make it an ideal plant for interior decoration, capable of enhancing the visual appeal of homes, offices, and commercial spaces.

Toxicity: Philodendrons are toxic to humans, cats, and dogs if ingested. They contain calcium oxalate crystals that can cause mouth and stomach irritation. Contact with the sap may cause skin irritation.

Deer and Rabbits: Its toxicity generally deters deer and rabbits.

Benefits: Beyond its decorative value, Philodendron erubescens is also known for its air-purifying qualities, capable of filtering certain toxins (it is among the best plants for removing xylene and trichloroethylene), and improving indoor air quality. It is a popular choice for living rooms, bedrooms, and any area that could benefit from a touch of natural beauty and a cleaner air environment.

Philodendron erubescens Plant Care

Light: Philodendron erubescens prefers bright, indirect light to maintain its unique coloring. Avoid direct sunlight, which can scorch their leaves.

Soil: Use a well-draining, peat-based potting mix. Philodendron erubescens prefers slightly acidic to neutral pH levels. Ensure the pot has drainage holes to prevent water from accumulating at the bottom.

Water: Water your Philodendron erubescens when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch. Over-watering can lead to root rot, so ensure proper drainage.

Temperature and Humidity: Ideal temperatures range between 65°F and 85°F (18°C to 29°C). Philodendrons can tolerate a wider range, but sudden temperature drops or exposure to cold drafts should be avoided. These tropical plants enjoy high humidity, between 50-60%, but can adapt to average household humidity levels. For added humidity, mist the leaves regularly, place a humidifier nearby, or set the plant on a pebble tray filled with water.

Fertilization: Feed your Philodendron erubescens with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer every 4-6 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer). Reduce feeding in fall and winter when growth slows.

Pruning: Pruning is not strictly necessary but can help maintain shape and encourage fuller growth. Use sterile scissors or pruning shears to trim away any yellow or damaged leaves and to manage size.

Repotting: Repot every 2-3 years or when roots start to crowd the pot. Choose a pot that is one size larger than the current one to ensure continued growth.

How to Propagate Philodendron erubescens – A Step-By-Step Guide

Propagating Philodendron plants is a straightforward and rewarding process, allowing you to expand your collection or share with friends and family. The most common method is stem cuttings, which can be rooted in water or soil. Here’s how to do it:

Propagation by Stem Cuttings in Water:

Choose a Healthy Stem: Look for a healthy stem with at least 2-3 leaves and a few nodes (the points on the stem where leaves attach and roots tend to grow).

Make the Cut: Using a clean, sharp knife or scissors, cut just below a node. The cutting should be about 4-6 inches long.

Prepare the Cutting: Remove any leaves that would be submerged when you place the stem in water to prevent rot.

Root in Water: Place the cutting in a glass or jar of water, ensuring the node is submerged. Leave the leaves out of the water. Place the jar in a warm, bright spot with indirect light.

Change the Water Regularly: Refresh the water every few days to keep it clean, which helps prevent bacterial growth.

Wait for Roots: Roots should start to emerge from the nodes in about 2-4 weeks. Wait until the roots are a few inches long before potting.

Potting: Once the roots are sufficiently developed, plant the cutting in a pot with well-draining soil. Care for it as you would a mature Philodendron.

Propagation by Stem Cuttings in Soil:

Prepare Your Cutting: Follow the same steps as above to select and cut a healthy stem section.

Rooting Hormone (Optional): Dip the cut end of the stem in rooting hormone powder to encourage root growth. This step is optional but can enhance rooting success.

Plant the Cutting: Fill a pot with a well-draining potting mix. Make a hole in the center and insert the cut end of the stem, ensuring at least one node is buried beneath the soil surface.

Water and Cover: Water the soil lightly to settle it around the cutting. To create a humid microenvironment, you can cover the pot with a plastic bag or place it in a propagator. Ensure the leaves are not touching the plastic to prevent rot.

Care for Your Cutting: Place the pot in a warm, bright location with indirect light. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.

Wait for Growth: In a few weeks, the cutting should start to root. You can gently tug on the plant after about 4 weeks; if there’s resistance, roots have formed.

Philodendron erubescens: Pests, Diseases, Common Problems

Philodendrons can encounter pests, diseases, and other common problems, especially when grown indoors.

Pests

Spider Mites: These tiny pests can be identified by the fine webs they weave on the plant. They cause yellowing or speckled leaves. Increase humidity around the plant and wash it with a strong stream of water. For severe infestations, use insecticidal soap or neem oil.

Mealybugs: These white, cottony pests tend to cluster in leaf axils and under leaves, sucking sap and weakening the plant. Remove with alcohol-dipped cotton swabs or apply neem oil.

Aphids: Small, soft-bodied insects that can be green, black, brown, or pink, aphids typically feed in groups on the undersides of leaves. Combat them with a gentle spray of water, neem oil, or insecticidal soap to protect the plant’s health and appearance.

Scale insects: Hard or soft-bodied insects that attach themselves to the stems or leaves, causing yellowing and growth stunting. Scrape off with a fingernail or use a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol. Insecticidal soap or neem oil may also be used.

Diseases

Root rot:  Overwatering is the primary cause, leading to brown, mushy roots and yellowing leaves. Reduce watering, improve drainage, and repot the plant into fresh, well-draining soil. Severely affected roots should be trimmed before repotting.

Leaf spot: Fungal or bacterial infections can cause dark or black spots on leaves, often with a yellow halo. Increase air circulation, avoid wetting leaves when watering, and remove affected leaves. Fungicides or bactericides may be necessary in severe cases.

Common Problems

Yellowing Leaves:  Overwatering, poor drainage, or nutrient deficiencies can cause leaves to turn yellow. Adjust watering habits, ensure the pot has adequate drainage, and consider applying a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer.

Leggy Growth or Small Leaves: Insufficient light can lead to stretched stems and smaller than normal leaves. Move the plant to a location with more indirect light.

Loss of Variegation: If variegated Philodendrons revert to solid green, it’s often due to insufficient light. Increase light exposure, but avoid direct sunlight to encourage variegation.

Brown Leaf Tips: Often a sign of low humidity or salt buildup from tap water. Increase humidity around the plant and consider using filtered water or rainwater.