Scrophularia californica (California Figwort)

Busy with the activity of native bees, Scrophularia californica (California Figwort) is a tall, gangly perennial with a profusion of tiny red-brown flowers with two long upper lobes. Blooming from mid-spring to mid-summer, they are borne on squared branching stems lined with handsome pairs of triangular, toothed, bright green leaves, up to 7 in. long (17 cm). A very prolific nectar producer, California Figwort attracts bees, wasps, butterflies, and hummingbirds. The blossoms give way to tulip-shaped hard capsules with small dark seeds that are eaten by birds. This species is a host plant for the butterfly larvae of Common Buckeye. Caterpillars that consume leaves and stalks from this plant are able to utilize a chemical in the sap (Iridoid glycosides), making the larva poisonous and adults unpalatable. California Figwort spreads by underground rhizomes and can colonize an area in optimum conditions. Evergreen in mild winter areas, California Figwort is prized for its attractive foliage and as a habitat plant for attracting pollinators. Use it in a wild garden, where it can be allowed to roam freely. The flowers can be used in dried floral arrangements.

• Grows up to 3-6 ft. tall (90-180 cm) and 2-3 ft. wide (60-90 cm).
• Performs best in part shade in any moist soils.
• Great for cottage gardens, native plant gardens, and along streams or ponds.
• No serious pest and disease issues. Deer resistant.
• Cut back after flowering and collecting seeds.
• Propagate by seed or by division. Cold treatment may improve germination.
• Native to California and British Columbia.