Calamansi, Calamondin, Calamondin Orange, Panama Orange, Philippine Lime, Citrus citrofortunella mitis, Citrus madurensis, Citrus × mitis, Citrus × mitis 'Calmondin', × Citrofortunella microcarpa, × Citrofortunella mitis, × Citrofortunella mitis 'Calamondin'
Calamansi (Citrus × microcarpa), also known as calamondin or Philippine lime, is a tropical citrus hybrid cherished across Southeast Asia for its compact size, ornamental appeal, and zesty, aromatic fruit. Though small in stature, this citrus is a giant in flavor, adding bold sourness and refreshing acidity to countless dishes and drinks. Cultivated extensively in the Philippines and grown ornamentally worldwide, the calamansi tree is a staple in home gardens, restaurant kitchens, and even on sunny patios in cooler regions. Whether you’re sipping a calamansi drink, seasoning noodles, or admiring its fruit-laden branches, this little tree delivers beauty and utility in every season.
Calamansi belongs to the citrus family Rutaceae, which includes other popular citrus fruits such as grapefruit, orange, lemon, pomelo, clementine, kumquat, finger lime, and Kaffir lime.
Citrus × microcarpa is a compact evergreen shrub or small tree with glossy green leaves, thornless or nearly thornless branches, and small white or purplish flowers. The fruit is round, 1–1.5 inches (25–35 mm) in diameter, turning from green to bright orange when ripe. Inside, it contains 8–12 seeds and juicy, orange-hued pulp with a sour, tangy flavor. The peel is thin, edible, and sweet, creating a unique balance when consumed whole.
Calamansi is believed to have originated in China but is now primarily cultivated in the Philippines, where it has become a national culinary treasure. It also grows naturally or in cultivation across parts of Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Taiwan, and southern China.
Calamansi grows in an upright, slightly columnar form with dense, small foliage. It produces fruit year-round in tropical climates and is highly productive. Variegated forms with marbled leaves and striped fruit are occasionally available for ornamental use.
Mature calamansi trees reach 10–20 feet (3–6 meters) tall and 5–12 feet (1.5–3.5 meters) wide. Dwarf/container varieties are smaller, often 4-8 feet (1.2-2.4 meters) tall and 3–6 feet (0.9-1.8 meters) wide.
The tree produces small, fragrant, white or purple-tinged flowers that bloom intermittently throughout the year. These flowers are self-pollinating and attract pollinators like bees and butterflies.
Calamansi trees bloom and fruit almost continuously in warm climates, with peak fruiting typically occurring in spring and summer. In subtropical zones, they often flower in late winter through early spring.
The fruit resembles a miniature tangerine or lime, green when unripe and orange when mature. It has a thin, fragrant peel and juicy, acidic pulp. Though sour, the peel adds a subtle sweetness when eaten whole. The flavor is reminiscent of a cross between key lime and kumquat.
Leaves are glossy, deep green, ovate, and aromatic when crushed. They resemble those of mandarins and provide a lush, fine-textured canopy year-round.
Calamansi is hardy in USDA Zones 8b–11. It can tolerate temperatures down to 20°F (–6°C) but should be protected or brought indoors during frost. In colder regions, it thrives as a container plant with winter protection. Cold-Hardy Citrus Fruits You Can Grow In Your Backyard.
Recipient of the prestigious Award of Garden Merit of the Royal Horticultural Society.
Calamansi is safe for humans and pets when consumed in culinary amounts. As with other citrus, excessive consumption of peel or essential oils may cause mild irritation in pets.
Though small in size, calamansi packs a powerful nutritional punch. Rich in vitamin C, antioxidants, and flavonoids, it’s a natural immune booster and digestive aid. Whether juiced, eaten whole, or used in cooking, calamansi contributes to a vibrant, healthful diet.
Nutrient | Amount (per 100g) | % Daily Value |
---|---|---|
Calories | 37 kcal | 2% |
Carbohydrates | 9.2 g | 3% |
Fiber | 1.3 g | 4% |
Vitamin C | 27 mg | 30% |
Potassium | 157 mg | 3% |
Calcium | 21 mg | 2% |
Vitamin A | 113 IU | 2% |
DV = Daily Value based on a 2,000-calorie diet. Individual needs may vary.
Calamansi offers more than just culinary zing—it delivers impressive health perks with every squeeze. From boosting your immune system to aiding digestion and supporting radiant skin, this tiny citrus is rich in antioxidants, vitamin C, and bioactive compounds. Here’s how adding calamansi juice to your daily diet may benefit your health:
Benefit | How It Helps |
---|---|
Supports Immunity | Rich in vitamin C, calamansi enhances immune function and helps fight off colds and infections. |
Aids Digestion | Acts as a natural digestive stimulant and helps reduce bloating and gas. |
Promotes Clear Skin | Vitamin C and antioxidants promote collagen production and reduce blemishes and signs of aging. |
Helps Regulate Blood Sugar | Contains fiber and flavonoids that help regulate glucose levels and prevent blood sugar spikes. |
Supports Weight Loss | Low in calories and high in acidity, calamansi juice may curb appetite and boost metabolism. |
Alkalizes the Body | Though acidic in taste, it has an alkalizing effect on the body, which may support detoxification and reduce inflammation. |
While generally safe, there are a few cautions to consider when consuming or handling calamansi, especially in large quantities or in sensitive individuals.
Calamansi trees need full sun for best flowering and fruiting—at least 6 to 8 hours daily. In cooler regions, grow them in a sunny window or under grow lights indoors during winter.
Plant in well-drained, loamy soil rich in organic matter. Slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0–7.0) is ideal. Avoid heavy clay or waterlogged soils.
Water regularly during the growing season, keeping the soil consistently moist but not soggy. Let the top inch of soil dry between waterings. Reduce watering in winter.
Use a balanced citrus fertilizer high in nitrogen and micronutrients (iron, magnesium, manganese). Feed monthly from spring through fall. Avoid over-fertilizing, which may reduce flowering.
Prune to shape the tree, remove dead or crossing branches, and promote airflow. Best done after harvest or in early spring. Light pruning improves structure and productivity.
Apply organic mulch around the base of the tree to conserve moisture and suppress weeds. Keep mulch 10–12 inches (25-30 cm) away from the trunk to avoid rot.
Hardiness |
8 - 11 |
---|---|
Climate Zones | 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, H1, H2 |
Plant Type | Fruits, Shrubs, Trees |
Plant Family | Rutaceae |
Genus | Citrus |
Exposure | Full Sun |
Season of Interest | Spring (Early, Mid, Late), Summer (Early, Mid, Late), Fall, Winter |
Height | 4' - 20' (120cm - 6.1m) |
Spread | 3' - 12' (90cm - 3.7m) |
Maintenance | Average |
Water Needs | Average |
Soil Type | Loam, Sand |
Soil pH | Acid, Neutral |
Soil Drainage | Moist but Well-Drained |
Characteristics | Fragrant, Plant of Merit, Showy, Evergreen, Fruit & Berries |
Garden Uses | Beds And Borders, Hedges And Screens, Patio And Containers |
Garden Styles | Mediterranean Garden |
Hardiness |
8 - 11 |
---|---|
Climate Zones | 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, H1, H2 |
Plant Type | Fruits, Shrubs, Trees |
Plant Family | Rutaceae |
Genus | Citrus |
Exposure | Full Sun |
Season of Interest | Spring (Early, Mid, Late), Summer (Early, Mid, Late), Fall, Winter |
Height | 4' - 20' (120cm - 6.1m) |
Spread | 3' - 12' (90cm - 3.7m) |
Maintenance | Average |
Water Needs | Average |
Soil Type | Loam, Sand |
Soil pH | Acid, Neutral |
Soil Drainage | Moist but Well-Drained |
Characteristics | Fragrant, Plant of Merit, Showy, Evergreen, Fruit & Berries |
Garden Uses | Beds And Borders, Hedges And Screens, Patio And Containers |
Garden Styles | Mediterranean Garden |
How many Citrus x microcarpa (Calamansi) do I need for my garden?
Plant | Quantity | |
---|---|---|
Citrus x microcarpa (Calamansi) | N/A | Buy Plants |
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Becoming a contributing member of Gardenia is easy and can be done in just a few minutes. If you provide us with your name, email address and the payment of a modest $25 annual membership fee, you will become a full member, enabling you to design and save up to 25 of your garden design ideas.
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