Heracleum maximum (Cow Parsnip)

Great for attracting pollinators, Heracleum maximum (Cow Parsnip) is a very tall biennial or short-lived perennial with huge leaves and enormous flat umbels, 6-8 in. (15-20 cm), packed with many tiny white flowers. Blooming from early spring to early fall (depending on geographic locations), the lacy umbels float atop tall flowering stems that are stout and hollow. Indigenous people in the Northwest used the hollow stems to make deer calls. Because of the large size of its blossoms, Cow Parsnip is one of the best sources of nectar and pollen for a wide variety of insects and butterflies. The plant bears large and dramatic, pinnately divided leaves, 8-20 in. long (20-50 cm). During the first year, the basal leaves are produced, but the second year, the plant produces its impressive flowering stalks and umbels. Cow Parsnip is a spectacular wildflower for the edge of woodlands, moist prairies and meadows, or other natural landscapes. Its massive umbels may be cut for dried arrangements. The seed heads hold well into winter, extending the seasonal interest of this North American native plant.

• Grows up to 4-8 ft. high (120-240 cm). Self-seeds profusely in the landscape.
• Performs best in part shade in moist, well-drained soils. Can also be grown in full sun. Cow Parsnip is not fussy about soil conditions as long as enough moisture is provided.
• Cow Parsnip is an ideal addition to prairie plantings, wildflower gardens or butterfly gardens.
• Do not get the sap from this plant on your skin and then be exposed to the sun as rashes can occur. Wear gloves.
• Propagation is easy by seed.
• Native to North America, Asia.
• Toxic to dogs, toxic to cats, toxic to horses.