Create Your Garden

Sambucus canadensis (American Elderberry)

American Black Elderberry, American Elderberry, Common Elderberry, Black Elder, Mexican Elderberry, Common Elder, Elderberry, Tapiro, Sauco, Sambucus nigra subsp. canadensis

Sambucus canadensis, American Black Elderberry, American Elder, Common Elderberry,Elderberry, Sambucus nigra subsp. canadensis
Sambucus canadensis, American Black Elderberry, American Elder, Common Elderberry,Elderberry, Sambucus nigra subsp. canadensis
Sambucus, sambucus nigra, sambucus racemosa, sambucus canadensis, Eler, Elderberry, European Elder, American Elder, Elderberry

Sambucus canadensis (American Elderberry) is a multi-stemmed deciduous shrub of loose open habit with arching, spreading branches, clothed in the lush foliage of sharply serrated, bright green leaves composed of 7 leaflets. In early to mid-summer, a profusion of lemon-scented white flowers appear in large flat clusters. They give way to black elderberry fruits later in the season. Attractive to birds, the fruits may be used to make jams, jellies, and elderberry wine. Good shrub for naturalized areas where suckering spread may be appreciated.

The American Elderberry is a magnet for numerous bird species, including the American Goldfinch, American Robin, Baltimore Oriole, Cedar Waxwing, Eastern Bluebird, House Finch, Northern Cardinal, Northern Mockingbird, warblers, and many more. Its abundant berries and dense foliage provide essential food and shelter, making it a favorite among avian visitors.

  • Grows up to 5-12 ft. tall and wide (150-360 cm). Spreads freely by root suckers to form colonies.
  • Performs best in full sun or part shade, in medium to wet, well-drained soils. Best foliage color when grown in full sun. Drought tolerant.
  • Excellent choice as a single specimen plant, informal screens, or hedges.
  • May be subject to verticillium wilt and aphids. Deer resistant.
  • Propagate by softwood cuttings in early summer or hardwood cuttings in winter.
  • Prune hard in spring to maintain the best foliage and habit.
  • This plant has low severity poison characteristics. All parts may cause discomfort if ingested, although the berries can be edible if cooked.
  • Toxic to horses, toxic to humans.
  • Native to North America

Requirements

Hardiness 3 - 9
Heat Zones 1 - 9
Climate Zones 1, 1A, 1B, 2, 2A, 2B, 3, 3A, 3B, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17, A1, A2, A3
Plant Type Shrubs
Plant Family Adoxaceae
Genus Sambucus
Common names Elderberry, Elder
Exposure Full Sun, Partial Sun
Season of Interest Summer (Early, Mid),
Height 5' - 12' (150cm - 3.7m)
Spread 5' - 12' (150cm - 3.7m)
Spacing 60" - 144" (150cm - 3.7m)
Maintenance Average
Water Needs Low, Average
Soil Type Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pH Acid, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil Drainage Moist but Well-Drained
Characteristics Fragrant, Showy, Fruit & Berries
Native Plants United States, Maine, New York, New Jersey, New Hampshire, Maryland, Massachusetts, Delaware, Vermont, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, Midwest, Northeast, Southwest, Rocky Mountains, Southeast, California, North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Indiana, Nebraska, Iowa, Georgia, Arkansas, Kentucky, Florida, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, West Virginia, Louisiana, North Carolina, Virginia, Tennessee, Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana
Tolerance Clay Soil, Wet Soil
Attracts Birds, Butterflies
Garden Uses Beds And Borders, Hedges And Screens, Rain Gardens
Garden Styles Informal and Cottage
How Many Plants
Do I Need?
Explore Great Plant Combination Ideas
Sambucus (Elder)
Guides with
Sambucus (Elder)
Not sure which Sambucus (Elder) to pick?
Compare Now

Alternative Plants to Consider

Sambucus racemosa (Red Elderberry)
Sambucus nigra subsp. caerulea (Blue Elderberry)
Sambucus nigra Black Beauty® (Elderberry)
Sambucus nigra Instant Karma® (Elderberry)
Sambucus racemosa ‘Sutherland Gold’ (Elderberry)
Sambucus nigra Black Lace® (Elderberry)

Recommended Companion Plants

Cornus controversa ‘Variegata’ (Wedding Cake Tree)
Lysimachia punctata ‘Alexander’ (Yellow Loosestrife)
Salvia nemorosa ‘Ostfriesland’ (Sage)

Find In One of Our Guides or Gardens

Small Trees and Shrubs That Attract Birds
While every effort has been made to describe these plants accurately, please keep in mind that height, bloom time, and color may differ in various climates. The description of these plants has been written based on numerous outside resources.
Buy Plants

Requirements

Hardiness 3 - 9
Heat Zones 1 - 9
Climate Zones 1, 1A, 1B, 2, 2A, 2B, 3, 3A, 3B, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17, A1, A2, A3
Plant Type Shrubs
Plant Family Adoxaceae
Genus Sambucus
Common names Elderberry, Elder
Exposure Full Sun, Partial Sun
Season of Interest Summer (Early, Mid),
Height 5' - 12' (150cm - 3.7m)
Spread 5' - 12' (150cm - 3.7m)
Spacing 60" - 144" (150cm - 3.7m)
Maintenance Average
Water Needs Low, Average
Soil Type Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pH Acid, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil Drainage Moist but Well-Drained
Characteristics Fragrant, Showy, Fruit & Berries
Native Plants United States, Maine, New York, New Jersey, New Hampshire, Maryland, Massachusetts, Delaware, Vermont, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, Midwest, Northeast, Southwest, Rocky Mountains, Southeast, California, North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Indiana, Nebraska, Iowa, Georgia, Arkansas, Kentucky, Florida, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, West Virginia, Louisiana, North Carolina, Virginia, Tennessee, Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana
Tolerance Clay Soil, Wet Soil
Attracts Birds, Butterflies
Garden Uses Beds And Borders, Hedges And Screens, Rain Gardens
Garden Styles Informal and Cottage
How Many Plants
Do I Need?
Explore Great Plant Combination Ideas
Sambucus (Elder)
Guides with
Sambucus (Elder)
Not sure which Sambucus (Elder) to pick?
Compare Now

Gardening Ideas

Plant Calculator

How many Sambucus canadensis (American Elderberry) do I need for my garden?

Input your garden space dimensions

Your Shopping List

Plant Quantity
Sambucus canadensis (American Elderberry) N/A Buy Plants

Please Login to Proceed

You Have Reached The Free Limit, Please Subscribe to Proceed

Subscribe to Gardenia

To create additional collections, you must be a paid member of Gardenia
  • Add as many plants as you wish
  • Create and save up to 25 garden collections
Become a Member

Plant Added Successfully

You have Reached Your Limit

To add more plants, you must be a paid member of our site Become a Member

Update Your Credit
Card Information

Cancel

Create a New Collection

Sign Up to Our Newsletter

    You have been subscribed successfully

    Join Gardenia.net

    Create a membership account to save your garden designs and to view them on any device.

    Becoming a contributing member of Gardenia is easy and can be done in just a few minutes. If you provide us with your name, email address and the payment of a modest $25 annual membership fee, you will become a full member, enabling you to design and save up to 25 of your garden design ideas.

    Join now and start creating your dream garden!

    Join Gardenia.net

    Create a membership account to save your garden designs and to view them on any device.

    Becoming a contributing member of Gardenia is easy and can be done in just a few minutes. If you provide us with your name, email address and the payment of a modest $25 annual membership fee, you will become a full member, enabling you to design and save up to 25 of your garden design ideas.

    Join now and start creating your dream garden!

    Find your Hardiness Zone

    Find your Heat Zone

    Find your Climate Zone