Alphabetical Plant Listing

Abies grandis (Grand Fir)

Grand Fir, Giant Fir, Lowland Fir


One of the tallest firs in the world, Abies grandis (Grand Fir) is a large evergreen conifer of narrow, conical habit becoming round-topped or straggly with age. Its spreading and drooping branches are densely clad with sharp-tipped needles, shiny dark green above with two silver bands beneath. The needles are arranged in 2 distinct, flattened rows. They exude an orange aroma when crushed. Usually very resinous, the seed cones, up to 4 in. long (10 cm), are light-green or purple-tinged when young maturing to reddish-brown. Held upright along the branches, they create a lovely contrast against the deep green foliage. A fast grower, its gray bark is thin when young, thickening and becoming brown with age. Grand Fir makes a useful specimen tree.

  • Grows up to 100-250 ft. high (30-75 m) and 20-35 ft. wide (6-11 m).
  • Performs best in full sun or part shade in rich, slightly acidic, consistently moist, well-drained soils.
  • Keep an eye out for aphids, adelgids, cankers, heart rot, root rot, needle rust and twig blight.
  • No pruning required.
  • Propagate by seed or grafting
  • Native to Southern British Columbia south along Pacific coast to California, also in central Idaho and eastern Oregon.

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Requirements

Hardiness 5 – 6
Heat Zones 5 – 6
Climate Zones 1, 1A, 1B, 2, 2A, 2B, 3, 3A, 3B, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17
Plant Type Conifers, Trees
Plant Family Abies - Firs
Exposure Full Sun, Partial Sun
Season of Interest Spring (Early,Mid,Late)
Summer (Early,Mid,Late)
Fall
Winter
Height 100' – 250' (30m – 75m)
Spread 20' – 35' (6m – 10.5m)
Water Needs Average
Maintenance Low
Soil Type Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pH Acid, Neutral
Soil Drainage Moist but Well-Drained
Characteristics Fragrant, Showy, Evergreen, Fruit & Berries
Native Plants United States, California, Pacific Northwest, Idaho, Oregon, Washington, Rocky Mountains, Montana
Garden Styles Prairie and Meadow

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Peter Turner Photography, Shutterstock

While every effort has been made to describe these plants accurately, please keep in mind that height, bloom time, and color may differ in various climates. The description of these plants has been written based on numerous outside resources.


Requirements

Hardiness 5 – 6
Heat Zones 5 – 6
Climate Zones 1, 1A, 1B, 2, 2A, 2B, 3, 3A, 3B, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17
Plant Type Conifers, Trees
Plant Family Abies - Firs
Exposure Full Sun, Partial Sun
Season of Interest Spring (Early,Mid,Late)
Summer (Early,Mid,Late)
Fall
Winter
Height 100' – 250' (30m – 75m)
Spread 20' – 35' (6m – 10.5m)
Water Needs Average
Maintenance Low
Soil Type Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pH Acid, Neutral
Soil Drainage Moist but Well-Drained
Characteristics Fragrant, Showy, Evergreen, Fruit & Berries
Native Plants United States, California, Pacific Northwest, Idaho, Oregon, Washington, Rocky Mountains, Montana
Garden Styles Prairie and Meadow

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