Thuja occidentalis ‘Danica’ (American Arborvitae)

Thuja occidentalis ‘Danica’ is a charming, dwarf evergreen shrub, perfect for adding a touch of greenery to smaller spaces. Its adaptability and easy-care nature make it a popular choice for a variety of garden styles and purposes.

Thuja occidentalis ‘Danica’: An In-depth Look

Thuja occidentalis ‘Danica’, commonly known as Danica Arborvitae, is a compact and decorative conifer, ideal for small gardens and ornamental planting. It is renowned for its dense, globe-shaped form and fine, soft, bright green foliage. The plant maintains its neat, rounded shape naturally, without the need for pruning.

Native: Thuja occidentalis is native to North America. It is predominantly found in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. This species naturally occurs in wet forests, swamps, and along lake shores, thriving in cool, moist, well-drained environments.

Plant Type and Habit: It is an evergreen conifer with a dwarf, globular growth habit. ‘Danica’ is known for its slow growth rate and compact size.

Size: ‘Danica’ is a true dwarf variety, typically reaching only about 1-2 feet in height and equally in width (30-60 cm). This small size makes it an excellent choice for limited spaces.

Cones: Small upright seed cones, up to 1/2 inch long (1 cm), emerge as green and then mature to brown.

Foliage: The foliage consists of soft, fine-textured leaves that are a vibrant emerald green color, contributing to the plant’s overall lush appearance. The foliage may be tinged bronze in winter.

Bark: The bark is reddish-brown, relatively smooth, and becomes more textured with age.

Uses: Ideal for rock gardens, border fronts, container plantings, and as a small specimen plant. Its compact size and attractive form make it a popular choice for detailed landscape work and small garden designs.

Award: Recipient of the prestigious Award of Garden Merit of the Royal Horticultural Society.

Hardiness: Hardy in USDA zones 2-7, it can withstand cold winters and a range of environmental conditions.

Wildlife: Provides limited shelter for small wildlife.

Toxicity: Generally considered non-toxic to humans and animals.

Deer and Rabbit: May suffer some damage from deer and rabbits, especially in areas where these animals are prevalent.

Invasiveness: This cultivar is not considered invasive and typically stays within its planted boundaries.

Benefits: Offers a unique aesthetic appeal with its compact form and fine texture. It is easy to maintain and can be a delightful addition to various garden settings, especially where space is limited.

American Arborvitae Growing Tips

Light: Thrives in full sun but can also grow well in partial shade. Full sun exposure leads to denser foliage growth. Usually appreciates some light afternoon shade in hot summer climates. Protect from drying winds, especially when young.

Soil: Adaptable to a wide range of soils but prefers moist, well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral soil. Tolerates clay soils.

Water: Regular watering is important, especially for young plants and in dry conditions. Avoid extreme dry soil in the fall, which can cause the evergreen foliage to dry out in winter.

Fertilizer: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring. Over-fertilization can harm the plant, so follow the recommended rates.

Pruning: Little to no pruning is required. Prune for shaping or size control in late winter or early spring before new growth starts. Avoid heavy pruning.

Mulch: Provide a generous root zone mulch.

Propagation: Propagated through semi-hardwood cuttings in late summer.

Pests and Diseases: Watch for bagworms, spider mites, mealybugs, and scale insects. Leaf tips may suffer damage from leaf miners. Canker can sometimes pose a problem. Fungal diseases like root rot can occur in poorly drained soils. Good air circulation and proper planting depth help prevent these issues.