Alphabetical Plant Listing

Trillium erectum (Red Trillium)

Red Trillium, Birthroot, American Shamrock, Bathroot, Bethroot, Bloody Nose, Bumblebee Root, Death Root, Dog Flower, Ground Lily, Herb Paris, Indian Balm, Lamb's Quarters, Lamb's Succory, Nosebleed, Orange Blossoms, Red Benjamin, Squawroot, Stinking Benjamin, True Love


Trillium erectum (Red Trillium) is a clump-forming perennial with erect stems clad with a whorl of 3 diamond-shaped leaves. Perched above the leaves is a ravishing, solitary, nodding, crimson flower, up to 2-4 in. across (5-9 cm), adorned with 3 recurved petals in spring. The blossoms are unpleasantly fragrant, producing a scent that attracts pollinating flies. They last about 2-3 weeks and give way to fleshy, berry-like fruit. Birds and mammals feast on them. This Trillium enjoys good garden vigor and becomes a significant flowering clump faster than most other trilliums. The number of flowering stems reflects the size of the plant's rhizome. A large plant can boast 3-5 flowering stems, each with a single flower and 3 leaves.

  • Recipient of the prestigious Award of Garden Merit of the Royal Horticultural Society.
  • Grows up to 12-18 in. tall (30-45 cm) and 12 in. wide (30 cm).
  • Performs best in part shade or full shade, in deep, humus-rich, acid to neutral, moist, well-drained soils. Mulch in fall with leaves.
  • Excellent when massed in shaded beds and borders, underplanting shrubs or roses.
  • Generally disease free, this plant requires little maintenance. Watch out for slugs and snails.
  • Propagate by seed in pots in a shady cold frame as soon as seed is ripe; takes 5-7 years to reach flowering size. Propagate rhizomes by division after flowering or cut out the growing point from the rhizome after flowering, which stimulates the formation of offsets.
  • Plant in early fall or in early spring.
  • Native to eastern North America

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Requirements

Hardiness 4 – 7
Heat Zones 3 – 7
Climate Zones 1, 1A, 1B, 2, 2A, 2B, 3, 3A, 3B, 4, 5, 6
Plant Type Perennials
Plant Family Trillium - Wake Robins
Exposure Partial Sun, Shade
Season of Interest Spring (Mid,Late)
Summer (Early)
Height 1' – 2' (30cm – 60cm)
Spread 1' (30cm)
Spacing 12" (30cm)
Water Needs Average
Maintenance Low
Soil Type Chalk, Loam, Sand
Soil pH Acid, Neutral
Soil Drainage Moist but Well-Drained
Characteristics Fragrant, Plant of Merit, Showy
Native Plants United States, Midwest, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Northeast, Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Massachusetts, Maryland, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Southeast, Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia
Garden Uses Beds and Borders, Underplanting Roses and Shrubs
Garden Styles Informal and Cottage

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By Kyle Selce, Muskoka Stock Photos, Shutterstock

While every effort has been made to describe these plants accurately, please keep in mind that height, bloom time, and color may differ in various climates. The description of these plants has been written based on numerous outside resources.


Requirements

Hardiness 4 – 7
Heat Zones 3 – 7
Climate Zones 1, 1A, 1B, 2, 2A, 2B, 3, 3A, 3B, 4, 5, 6
Plant Type Perennials
Plant Family Trillium - Wake Robins
Exposure Partial Sun, Shade
Season of Interest Spring (Mid,Late)
Summer (Early)
Height 1' – 2' (30cm – 60cm)
Spread 1' (30cm)
Spacing 12" (30cm)
Water Needs Average
Maintenance Low
Soil Type Chalk, Loam, Sand
Soil pH Acid, Neutral
Soil Drainage Moist but Well-Drained
Characteristics Fragrant, Plant of Merit, Showy
Native Plants United States, Midwest, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Northeast, Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Massachusetts, Maryland, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Southeast, Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia
Garden Uses Beds and Borders, Underplanting Roses and Shrubs
Garden Styles Informal and Cottage

Guides with Trillium - Wake Robins

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