Ilex vomitoria (Yaupon)
Yaupon, Yaupon Holly, Cassina
Slow-growing and attractive, Ilex vomitoria (Yaupon) is an upright, densely branching, evergreen shrub or small tree with leathery, lustrous, dark green leaves, 1.5 in. long (4 cm), adorned with toothed margins. Ilex vomitoria is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate trees. It produces abundant small greenish-white flowers in spring that are followed by prodigious amounts of attractive bright red berries on pollinated female plants. Extremely showy, they ripen in fall, persist into winter, and enliven the winter landscape unless they are devoured by birds. Mammals eat the fruit as well, and the flowers attract insects. The leaves and twigs contain caffeine, and American Indians used them to prepare tea, which they drank in large quantities ceremonially and then vomited back up, hence the species' name. Picturesque and providing excellent year-round interest, Yaupon is a popular landscape plant often trimmed into an evergreen hedge. The fruiting branches are popular Christmas decorations. Both male and female plants are needed to produce attractive red berries.
- Grows up to 10-20 ft. tall (300-600 cm) and 8-12 ft. wide (240-360 cm).
- A full sun to part shade lover, this plant is best grown in average, medium to wet soils. Tolerant to a wide range of soil conditions, including dry soil, and acid to alkaline soil. Protect plants from desiccating winter sun and winds. Tolerates drought and salt spray.
- Perfect as a hedge, screen, windbreak, or topiary. The red-fruited branches make lovely home decorations.
- Keep an eye out for holly leaf miner, spider mites, whitefly, scale, leaf spot, leaf rot, tar spot, and powdery mildew.
- Prune in winter if needed. Promptly remove root suckers unless naturalization is desired.
- Propagate by seed, semi-hardwood cuttings. Seeds germinate the best if planted immediately after collection. Semi-hardwood cuttings taken in late fall can be made to root.
- Native to the southeastern United States, from Virginia to Florida, Arkansas, and Texas, and to Mexico. It is found on coastal dunes, maritime forests, upland woodlands of various mixtures, and pine flatwoods. For the most part, Yaupon inhabits well-drained sites but also occurs on streambanks, in wet woodlands, and floodplains.
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Requirements
Hardiness | 7
– 9 |
---|---|
Climate Zones | 3, 3A, 3B, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, H1, H2 |
Plant Type | Shrubs, Trees |
Plant Family | Ilex - Hollies |
Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Season of Interest |
Spring (Early,Mid,Late) Summer (Early,Mid,Late) Fall Winter |
Height | 10' – 20' (3m – 6m) |
Spread | 8' – 12' (240cm – 3.6m) |
Water Needs | Low, Average, High |
Maintenance | Average |
Soil Type | Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand |
Soil pH | Acid, Alkaline, Neutral |
Soil Drainage | Moist but Well-Drained, Well-Drained |
Characteristics | Cut Flowers, Showy, Evergreen, Fruit & Berries |
Native Plants | United States, Southeast, Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, Southwest, Oklahoma, Texas |
Tolerance | Drought, Dry Soil, Salt |
Attracts | Birds, Butterflies |
Garden Uses | Hedges and Screens, Ponds and Streams, Rain Gardens |
Garden Styles | Coastal Garden |
Alabama Extension (Flickr), Shutterstock
While every effort has been made to describe these plants accurately, please keep in mind that height, bloom time, and color may differ in various climates. The description of these plants has been written based on numerous outside resources.
Requirements
Hardiness | 7
– 9 |
---|---|
Climate Zones | 3, 3A, 3B, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, H1, H2 |
Plant Type | Shrubs, Trees |
Plant Family | Ilex - Hollies |
Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Season of Interest |
Spring (Early,Mid,Late) Summer (Early,Mid,Late) Fall Winter |
Height | 10' – 20' (3m – 6m) |
Spread | 8' – 12' (240cm – 3.6m) |
Water Needs | Low, Average, High |
Maintenance | Average |
Soil Type | Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand |
Soil pH | Acid, Alkaline, Neutral |
Soil Drainage | Moist but Well-Drained, Well-Drained |
Characteristics | Cut Flowers, Showy, Evergreen, Fruit & Berries |
Native Plants | United States, Southeast, Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, Southwest, Oklahoma, Texas |
Tolerance | Drought, Dry Soil, Salt |
Attracts | Birds, Butterflies |
Garden Uses | Hedges and Screens, Ponds and Streams, Rain Gardens |
Garden Styles | Coastal Garden |