Succulent types include Aloe, Agave, Echeveria, Jade Plant, Desert Rose, and String of Pearls—offering a blend of texture, vibrant color, and low-maintenance charm.
Succulents are a diverse group of plants known for their ability to store water in their leaves, stems, or roots. This adaptation allows them to thrive in arid and semi-arid environments with scarce water.
While succulents are typically associated with deserts, they grow in various ecosystems, including coastal cliffs, alpine regions, and tropical zones. There are thousands of succulent species belonging to many plant families:
These plants come in varied forms, from compact rosettes (like echeveria) to tall shrubs (like agave and yucca) and trailing vines (like string of pearls). Succulents also feature a wide range of colors and textures—some have thick, spiny stems, while others showcase soft, fleshy leaves or fuzzy coatings. Certain species, such as Christmas cactus or desert rose, produce vibrant flowers that enhance their ornamental appeal.
Succulents are popular in gardening due to their low maintenance needs and versatility. They thrive in well-drained soil, require minimal watering, and perform well in full sun to partial shade. Many succulents, like snake plants, are ideal for indoor environments because they tolerate low light and need little water. Agave and aloe are excellent choices for outdoor landscapes, particularly in xeriscapes or rock gardens.
Toxicity: Some popular succulents, such as echeveria, hens and chicks are pet-safe. However, others, like the jade plant, desert rose, and snake plant, are toxic to pets.
Plant Type | Cactus & Succulents |
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Genus | Echeveria, Euphorbia, Crassula, Mammillaria, Opuntia, Kalanchoe, Haworthia, Aeonium, Agave, Yucca, Senecio, Sedum, Sempervivum, Aloe |
Aloe Vera is a versatile and hardy succulent, well-suited for both indoor and outdoor environments. Known for its medicinal properties, it features fleshy, water-storing leaves that are useful for skin care and minor burns. Indoors, it prefers bright, indirect sunlight and minimal watering, making it a popular choice for home decor. Outdoors, it thrives in warm, sunny climates, adding a drought-resistant, low-maintenance element to gardens. Its ease of care and health benefits make Aloe Vera a favored plant among gardeners and health enthusiasts.
Hardiness | 10 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Spread | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Agave americana, known as the Century Plant, is a striking succulent with large, spiky blue-green leaves edged with sharp spines. Native to Mexico, it typically blooms spectacularly with a tall flower spike, attracting pollinators like bees and hummingbirds. It thrives in full sun and well-draining soil.
Hardiness | 8 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 3' - 6' (90cm - 180cm) |
Spread | 6' - 10' (180cm - 3m) |
Sedum morganianum, commonly known as Burro’s Tail or Donkey Tail, is a striking succulent prized for its cascading stems densely packed with fleshy, blue-green leaves. Ideal for hanging baskets, it thrives in bright, indirect light and minimal water, making it a low-maintenance choice for adding lush, trailing beauty to any space.
Hardiness | 10 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 1' - 4' (30cm - 120cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Kalanchoe tomentosa, commonly known as Panda Plant, is an easy-to-grow and resilient succulent. Its fleshy, fuzzy leaves resemble plush rabbit ears with brown stitching. While it doesn’t bloom as often, it’s prized for its unique foliage. This popular houseplant works well in containers or as an accent in the garden.
Hardiness | 11 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 1' - 3' (30cm - 90cm) |
Spread | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Euphorbia tirucalli ‘Sticks on Fire’, also known as the Pencil Cactus, is a striking succulent with slender, coral-like branches that turn vibrant shades of red, orange, and yellow, especially in cooler temperatures. It thrives in bright sunlight and is drought-tolerant, making it ideal for low-water gardens and xeriscaping.
Hardiness | 9 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 4' - 8' (120cm - 240cm) |
Spread | 4' - 8' (120cm - 240cm) |
Euphorbia milii, commonly known as Crown of Thorns, features densely spined, woody stems and bright green leaves. Known for its drought tolerance, this succulent blooms year-round, producing small but vivid flowers primarily in red or pink, surrounded by showy bracts, adding a splash of color to any setting.
Hardiness | 9 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 3' - 6' (90cm - 180cm) |
Spread | 1' - 3' (30cm - 90cm) |
Senecio rowleyanus, known as String of Pearls, is an eye-catching succulent ideal for indoors and outdoors. Its cascading stems with round leaves resemble pearls. Perfect for hanging baskets, it adds whimsy indoors in bright, indirect light and thrives outdoors in warm, shaded spots. Drought-tolerant and low-maintenance, it’s a favorite among succulent lovers for its unique look and ease of care.
Hardiness | 9 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 1' - 3' (30cm - 90cm) |
Spread | 1' - 3' (30cm - 90cm) |
Senecio peregrinus, commonly known as String of Dolphins, is celebrated for its unique, dolphin-shaped leaves that cascade beautifully from hanging baskets. This succulent thrives in bright, indirect light and requires minimal watering, making it an ideal houseplant for adding a whimsical touch to indoor spaces.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 1' - 3' (30cm - 90cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Adenium obesum (Desert Rose) is a striking and unique plant, valued for its beautiful flowers, intriguing growth habit, and low-maintenance requirements. It’s a popular choice among succulent enthusiasts and those looking to add an exotic touch to their gardens or indoor plant collections.
Hardiness | 11 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 1' - 10' (30cm - 3m) |
Spread | 1' - 5' (30cm - 150cm) |
Christmas Cactus (Schlumbergera x buckleyi) is a popular houseplant known for its vibrant, tubular flowers that bloom in winter. Unlike desert cacti, it originates from Brazilian rainforests and prefers humid conditions. Its segmented, flat stems and pendulous habit make it a unique and festive addition to indoor settings.
Hardiness | 10 - 12 |
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Exposure | Partial Sun |
Height | 6" - 1' (15cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Graptopetalum paraguayense, known as Ghost Plant, is cherished for its rosettes of pearlescent, pastel leaves that display shades of pink, blue, and purple under stress. This succulent thrives in well-draining soil and bright light, producing star-shaped white flowers, making it a favored choice for rock gardens and containers.
Hardiness | 8 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 8" - 1' (20cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Lithops, often referred to as “living stones,” are unique, succulent plants that mimic the appearance of rocks to blend into their natural environment. They thrive in well-drained soil with minimal water, requiring bright light and a period of dormancy. Their fascinating shapes and textures make them a collector’s delight.
Hardiness | 10 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 1" - 2" (3cm - 5cm) |
Spread | 1" - 2" (3cm - 5cm) |
Gonialoe variegata, or Tiger Aloe, is a compact succulent native to southern Africa. It features dark green, triangular leaves with white stripes, forming dense rosettes. Highly drought-tolerant and low-maintenance, it blooms with tubular pink to coral flowers in summer, attracting pollinators.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 6" - 1' (15cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Astrophytum asterias, or Star Cactus, is a small, spineless cactus known for its round, flat body with eight distinct ribs. It produces vibrant yellow flowers with orange centers. Native to northern Mexico and southern Texas, it thrives in bright, indirect sunlight and well-draining soil.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 1" - 2" (3cm - 5cm) |
Spread | 2" - 6" (5cm - 15cm) |
Eye-catching, Crassula capitella ‘Red Pagoda’ is a branching succulent with densely stacked, fleshy, triangular chartreuse leaves adorned with bright crimson tips. Their color is brightest in winter in response to long cool nights and bright sunlight. Low-growing, this plant forms a colorful mat and can be used as a small scale groundcover. It is extremely useful in containers, or hanging baskets. Clusters of small, starry, flowers appear in summer. This crassula spreads by runners and will form small colonies.
Hardiness | 9 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 6" (15cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Kalanchoe daigremontiana, commonly known as Mother of Thousands, is a unique succulent recognized for its ability to produce tiny plantlets along its leaf margins. This Madagascan native reaches up to 3 feet tall 90 cm), featuring long, narrow leaves with a serrated edge. It rarely blooms indoors but is valued for its intriguing foliage and low-maintenance care, making it a popular houseplant.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 1' - 3' (30cm - 90cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Euphorbia trigona, commonly known as the African Milk Tree, is a striking succulent with tall, upright, triangular stems adorned with small, teardrop-shaped leaves. Its fast growth and unique, spiny form make it a popular choice for both indoor and outdoor gardens. It thrives in bright, indirect light and well-draining soil.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 6' - 12' (180cm - 3.7m) |
Spread | 5' - 10' (150cm - 3m) |
Astrophytum myriostigma, known as Bishop’s Cap, is a spineless cactus with a striking, columnar shape and star-like appearance due to its ribbed body. Its smooth, green skin may display white speckles, enhancing its decorative appeal. It blooms with yellow flowers from the crown, adding seasonal interest.
Hardiness | 10 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 8" - 4' (20cm - 120cm) |
Spread | 4" - 8" (10cm - 20cm) |
Aloe nobilis (Golden Toothed Aloe) forms vibrant rosettes, with green leaves turning orange in sun. Creamy teeth edges glow when backlit. Summer brings bright orange flowers atop 2-foot stems, creating a bold display. Offsetting profusely, it forms large colonies, ideal for colorful ground cover in low-water gardens.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 6" - 1' (15cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 1' (30cm) |
Ferocactus latispinus, also known as the Devil’s Tongue Cactus, is a striking barrel cactus with distinctive wide, flattened red or yellow spines. Native to Mexico, it produces beautiful purple or yellow flowers in fall. Its bold spines and compact size make it a favorite for desert gardens.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 4" - 2' (10cm - 60cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Pachyphytum compactum, known as “Little Jewel,” is a succulent with thick, silvery-blue leaves that form a dense rosette. It thrives in bright, indirect light and requires well-draining soil. Perfect for containers, this drought-tolerant plant prefers mild temperatures and minimal watering, making it ideal for low-maintenance gardens.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 6" (15cm) |
Spread | 8" (20cm) |
Lampranthus spectabilis, commonly known as Trailing Ice Plant, is a dazzling succulent valued for its vibrant, daisy-like flowers that bloom in shades of purple, pink, or magenta. Ideal for rock gardens or xeriscaping, it thrives in full sun and well-drained soil, adding a brilliant burst of color to dry landscapes.
Hardiness | 8 - 10 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 6" - 1' (15cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Acanthocereus tetragonus ‘Fairy Castle’ is a whimsical cactus cultivar featuring multiple spire-like columns that resemble a castle’s turrets. It thrives in bright, indirect light and well-draining soil, making it a popular choice for indoor containers and low-maintenance gardens. Its charming, architectural form adds visual interest to any space.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 1' - 6' (30cm - 180cm) |
Rhipsalis baccifera, known as Mistletoe Cactus, is an epiphytic cactus with slender, pendant stems. It thrives in bright, indirect light and high humidity, preferring well-draining soil. Small white flowers bloom in spring, followed by white berries, making it an excellent choice for hanging baskets and indoor gardens.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Partial Sun |
Height | 4' - 6' (120cm - 180cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Echinocactus grusonii, or Golden Barrel Cactus, is known for its round, ribbed shape and bright golden spines. Native to Mexico, it thrives in dry, sunny environments and is often used in desert landscaping. Its unique appearance makes it a favorite choice for indoor and outdoor gardens.
Hardiness | 9 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 2' (60cm) |
Spread | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Sedum album (White Stonecrop) is a drought-tolerant, low-growing succulent with small, green, finger-like leaves that turn red in fall and winter. It produces star-shaped white flowers in midsummer, attracting butterflies. Spreading through creeping stems, this versatile plant thrives in rock gardens, containers, and green roofs, forming dense ground cover.
Hardiness | 3 - 8 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 3" - 6" (8cm - 15cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Portulacaria afra, commonly known as Elephant Bush, is a robust succulent with small, glossy green leaves and thick, woody stems. Native to South Africa, it thrives in dry, sunny environments and is excellent for xeriscaping. It’s also popular in bonsai for its easy trimming and shaping.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 8' - 12' (240cm - 3.7m) |
Spread | 3' - 6' (90cm - 180cm) |
Agave ‘Blue Glow’ is an exquisite, slow-growing evergreen succulent that forms rosettes of blue-green, chalky leaves with delicate toothed margins, adorned with a striking golden and red ribbon. This desirable hybrid combines the best traits of its parents, with broader leaves and vibrant colors from Agave attenuata and a smaller size, solitary habit, and terminal spine from Agave ocahui. Perfect for dramatic focal points or decorative pots.
Hardiness | 8 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Spread | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Sedum x rubrotinctum, commonly known as Jelly Bean Plant, features chubby, jelly bean-shaped leaves that transition from green to red under sun stress. This easy-to-grow succulent is perfect for hanging baskets and ground covers, thriving in bright light and requiring minimal water. Ideal for adding a splash of color.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 4" - 8" (10cm - 20cm) |
Spread | 10" - 1' (25cm - 30cm) |
Peperomia graveolens, known as Ruby Glow, enchants with succulent leaves that boast a vibrant ruby red underside and a green top, resembling glowing embers. Ideal for bright, indirect light and infrequent watering, this compact plant thrives in well-draining soil, making it a striking, low-maintenance addition to any indoor garden.
Hardiness | 10 - 12 |
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Exposure | Partial Sun |
Height | 8" - 10" (20cm - 25cm) |
Spread | 8" - 10" (20cm - 25cm) |
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana (Flaming Kathy) is a beloved, award-winning evergreen succulent with thick, shiny, dark green leaves. It is cherished for its vibrant, large clusters of dainty blooms in soft pastel colors or brilliant shades of red, orange, pink, or yellow. While commonly used as a houseplant, it can also thrive outdoors with frost protection. It flowers approximately every 6 months, with blooms lasting for 6 weeks or more.
Hardiness | 10 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 6" - 2' (15cm - 60cm) |
Spread | 6" - 1' (15cm - 30cm) |
Unique and eye-catching, award-winner Sedum nussbaumerianum (Coppertone Stonecrop) is a low growing, evergreen, perennial subshrub with attractive rosettes of thick pointed leaves, about 2 in. (5 cm) long at maturity. Yellow-green in partial shade, the leaves turn rosy-gold to bright coppery red in full sun. Round clusters of slightly scented white starry flowers with pink anthers appear in spring. A great choice for the rock or succulent garden or in a decorative container or hanging basket.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 8" - 9" (20cm - 23cm) |
Spread | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Delosperma cooperi (Ice Plant) is a vibrant, mat-forming succulent ideal for hot, dry gardens. Its deep purplish-pink, daisy-like flowers, up to 2 inches across, bloom prolifically from early summer to fall. The colorful blossoms cover the light green foliage, making it perfect for ground cover or rock gardens with year-round interest.
Hardiness | 6 - 10 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 3" - 6" (8cm - 15cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Crassula ovata, commonly known as the Jade Plant, is a succulent with thick, oval-shaped leaves that embody a rich green hue, often with red edges. It thrives in bright light and requires minimal watering, making it a low-maintenance choice for indoor gardeners seeking to add a touch of resilience and prosperity to their space.
Hardiness | 10 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 2' - 9' (60cm - 270cm) |
Spread | 2' - 5' (60cm - 150cm) |
Crassula arborescens (Silver Jade Plant) is a small, evergreen shrub with fleshy, silver-gray leaves featuring reddish spots and edges, which intensify under full sun. Occasionally, clusters of white starry flowers tinged with pink bloom in spring or summer. With age, its thick gray trunk and sturdy branches resemble a miniature tree.
Hardiness | 10 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 4' - 5' (120cm - 150cm) |
Spread | 4' - 5' (120cm - 150cm) |
Kalanchoe luciae (Paddle Plant) is an award-winning succulent with impressive, fleshy, rounded leaves forming a basal rosette. Resembling clamshells, the jade green leaves display vibrant red-wine tips in winter when grown in bright light. In late winter to early spring, a tall stem emerges, bearing clusters of pale yellow tubular flowers, adding to its striking appearance.
Hardiness | 9 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Spread | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Beaucarnea recurvata (Ponytail Palm), an award-winning evergreen, features a unique, bulbous trunk and a dense rosette of long, curving green leaves, resembling an elephant’s foot. Its swollen base stores water, allowing drought tolerance. With age, it may develop multiple trunks and sparse branches, occasionally producing panicles of small white flowers, adding a dramatic flair to any landscape.
Hardiness | 10 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 6' - 8' (180cm - 240cm) |
Spread | 3' - 5' (90cm - 150cm) |
Surprisingly cold hardy, award-winning Agave parryi (Artichoke Agave) is an evergreen, perennial succulent forming pretty rosettes of thick, rigid, silvery-blue to silvery-green leaves, tipped and edged with short, dark spines. While infrequent, mature plants (over 10 years) flower only once. They are topped with a magnificent flowering spike that can reach 15 ft. (5m), and bears dense clusters of yellow flowers, tinged red or pink in bud.
Hardiness | 7 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Spread | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Crassula falcata, also known as Propeller Plant, is prized for its striking gray-green leaves arranged like an airplane propeller. This succulent features dense clusters of bright red flowers that bloom in summer, making it a standout in containers and rock gardens. It thrives in full sun and well-draining soil.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Opuntia microdasys, also known as Bunny Ears Cactus, features distinctive pad-like segments covered with clusters of fine, hair-like spines. This low-maintenance cactus prefers bright light and minimal water, making it ideal for warm, dry climates or as an easy-care houseplant in sunny indoor spaces.
Hardiness | 9 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Spread | 4' - 6' (120cm - 180cm) |
Award-winning Dudleya brittonii (Giant Chalk Dudleya) is an evergreen succulent with gorgeous solitary rosettes, 12-18 in. wide (30-45 cm), of spoon-shaped, white to silver-gray leaves. The fleshy leaves are covered with a heavy coat of chalky powder than can be rubbed off. In late winter to spring, it sends up 1-2 ft. tall (30-45 cm) bright pink-red stems which bear clusters of urn-shaped, pale yellow flowers. A striking plant and great choice for rock gardens or containers.
Hardiness | 9 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Ceropegia woodii, commonly known as String of Hearts, is cherished for its delicate, heart-shaped leaves and trailing vines. This succulent thrives in bright, indirect light and requires moderate watering, making it perfect for hanging baskets where its cascading tendrils can be displayed beautifully.
Hardiness | 10 - 12 |
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Exposure | Partial Sun |
Height | 3" - 4" (8cm - 10cm) |
Spread | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Graceful and upright, Agave desmetiana ‘Variegata’ is an evergreen succulent perennial which produces urn-shaped rosettes of elegantly curved, bright green leaves with bright golden-yellow edges and a terminal reddish-brown spine. A few tiny teeth adorn the leaf’s margins. This Agave rarely flowers. Fast-growing, it often produces many offsets. A fabulous Agave that makes a dramatic focal point and can be used in decorative pots.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Spread | 3' - 4' (90cm - 120cm) |
Senecio radicans, known as String of Bananas, features cascading stems with succulent, banana-shaped leaves. This easy-care plant thrives in bright, indirect light and requires infrequent watering, making it ideal for hanging baskets in indoor settings. It blooms with small, fragrant white flowers that add subtle charm.
Hardiness | 10 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 3' - 4' (90cm - 120cm) |
Peperomia prostrata, known as String of Turtles, is celebrated for its charming, turtle-shell patterned leaves and trailing growth. Thriving in bright, indirect light and requiring moderate watering, it’s perfect for hanging baskets or as a tabletop display, adding a touch of whimsy and nature to any indoor setting.
Hardiness | 10 - 12 |
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Exposure | Partial Sun |
Height | 8" - 1' (20cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 3" - 4" (8cm - 10cm) |
Pilea peperomioides, also known as the Chinese Money Plant, is celebrated for its unique, round, coin-like green leaves on long petioles, creating a striking visual appeal. Thriving in bright, indirect light with moderate watering, this easy-care houseplant symbolizes good fortune and is perfect for adding a touch of greenery to indoor spaces.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Partial Sun |
Height | 8" - 1' (20cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 8" - 1' (20cm - 30cm) |
Hylocereus undatus, commonly known as Dragon Fruit, is a climbing cactus with sprawling, green stems and large, fragrant white flowers. It produces vibrant, pink-skinned fruit with white, speckled flesh, valued for its mild, sweet flavor. Ideal for tropical climates, it’s grown for both ornamental and edible purposes.
Hardiness | 10 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Schlumbergera truncata, known as Thanksgiving Cactus, is a popular epiphytic cactus with segmented, green stems and vibrant tubular flowers. Native to Brazil’s coastal mountains, it blooms in late November. Distinguished by its claw-like stem projections, it thrives in humid conditions, contrasting typical desert cacti, and is a cherished indoor ornamental plant.
Hardiness | 10 - 12 |
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Exposure | Partial Sun |
Height | 6" - 1' (15cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Agave macroacantha (Black-Spined Agave) is a slow-growing, evergreen succulent forming compact rosettes of narrow, pale blue-green leaves edged with small brown teeth and topped with a sharp, dark brown terminal spine. After 15 years, it may produce a 6 ft. flower spike with clusters of purple-tinged green flowers. The rosette dies after blooming, but offsets root at the base, forming a beautiful clump.
Hardiness | 8 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Spread | 2' - 4' (60cm - 120cm) |
Easter Cactus, Rhipsalidopsis gaertneri, is a tropical epiphyte native to Brazil. Boasting star-shaped, vibrant blooms around Easter, it differs from its holiday relatives with its distinctive segmented stems and rounded, scalloped edges. Typically grown indoors, this ornamental plant adds a splash of spring color, thriving in non-soil mediums and hanging baskets.
Hardiness | 10 - 12 |
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Exposure | Partial Sun |
Height | 6" - 1' (15cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Native to South Africa, Aloe ferox (Cape Aloe) is an impressive succulent with blue-green lance-shaped leaves, up to 3 ft. long. The leaves have dark brown spines along the edges and surfaces. The plant produces tall candelabra-like inflorescences with bright red-orange tubular flowers. The dried leaves create a “petticoat” on the stem.
Hardiness | 9 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 6' - 9' (180cm - 270cm) |
Spread | 3' - 5' (90cm - 150cm) |
Faucaria tigrina, also known as Tiger Jaws, is a distinctive succulent with fleshy, triangular leaves edged with soft, tooth-like spikes. It produces bright yellow, daisy-like flowers and thrives in well-draining soil under full sun. This drought-tolerant plant is perfect for rock gardens and container displays.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 4" - 6" (10cm - 15cm) |
Spread | 4" - 6" (10cm - 15cm) |
Aptly named, Sedum spurium ‘Tricolor’ (Caucasian Stonecrop) is a creeping, mat-forming, semi-evergreen perennial with small, fleshy, variegated leaves, green in the center with white margins tinged with pink. The foliage remains attractive throughout the growing season. Sitting atop short stems, clusters of small, pale pink, starry flowers appear in summer. Easy to maintain and drought tolerant, ‘Tricolor’ can withstand poor, dry soil conditions. Wonderful as a ground cover, in the rock garden, along walkways or cascading over stone walls. Evergreen in warm winter climates.
Hardiness | 3 - 9 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 3" - 6" (8cm - 15cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Epiphyllum oxypetalum, also known as Queen of the Night, is an epiphytic cactus famed for its large, fragrant, nocturnal white flowers that bloom for a single night. It features long, flat, leaf-like stems, thriving in bright, indirect light and well-draining soil, often grown in hanging baskets.
Hardiness | 10 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 8' - 10' (240cm - 3m) |
Spread | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Senecio serpens, also known as Blue Chalksticks, is a striking succulent with vibrant blue-green, finger-like leaves. Ideal for ground cover or container gardens, it spreads effectively, providing a beautiful contrast in rockeries or drought-tolerant landscapes. Thrives in full sun and requires minimal watering.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 10" - 1' (25cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Pachypodium lamerei (Madagascar Palm) is a spiny, semi-deciduous succulent native to Madagascar, with a thick trunk topped by glossy green leaves. Though not a true palm, its stout base swells with age. After reaching 5 feet (150 cm), it may flower in summer with fragrant white blooms, followed by banana-shaped seed pods.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 10' - 20' (3m - 6.1m) |
Spread | 3' - 8' (90cm - 240cm) |
Stapelia grandiflora, known as the Starfish Flower, is a succulent with fleshy, angular stems and spectacular large, star-shaped flowers that emit a strong odor to attract pollinators. Its colorful blooms are covered in fine hairs, thriving in well-draining soil and bright, indirect light. Ideal for rock gardens and containers.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 3" - 1' (8cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 1' - 3' (30cm - 90cm) |
Anacampseros rufescens, known as Sand Rose, is a succulent with dense, rosette clusters of fleshy leaves that range from green to deep purple. It blooms with pink star-shaped flowers, thrives in well-draining soil, requires bright, indirect light, and minimal water, making it ideal for rock gardens and containers.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 3" (8cm) |
Spread | 4" - 8" (10cm - 20cm) |
Crassula perforata (String of Buttons) is a fast-growing, shrubby succulent with stacked, triangular gray-green leaves edged in pink. Initially upright, its stems become pendant, ideal for containers and hanging baskets. In spring, small yellow flowers bloom, though many gardeners trim them to prevent unsightly dried stems. It spreads by suckering to form small colonies.
Hardiness | 9 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Spread | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Pleiospilos nelii, commonly known as Split Rock, is a succulent with two to four fleshy, stone-like leaves that mimic its natural rocky environment. It produces vibrant daisy-like flowers and thrives in well-draining soil with minimal water, making it an excellent choice for low-maintenance indoor or rock gardens.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 2" - 3" (5cm - 8cm) |
Spread | 2" - 3" (5cm - 8cm) |
Incredibly attractive, award-winning Agave victoriae-reginae is an evergreen, perennial succulent forming a perfectly spherical, solitary rosette of thick, smooth and spineless, dark green leaves. Each leaf is adorned with almost ‘hand-painted’ white margins and a small terminal spine. Very slow-growing, this distinctive Agave is terrific for sunny borders or containers.
Hardiness | 7 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 9" - 1' (23cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Dyckia ‘Burgundy Ice’ is an evergreen succulent with rosettes of burgundy leaves lined with sharp white spines. It maintains its color year-round in full sun. In summer, vibrant orange flower spikes attract hummingbirds. This heat- and cold-tolerant plant forms dense colonies through offsets, perfect for rock gardens and containers.
Hardiness | 7 - 11 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 6" - 1' (15cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 6" - 1' (15cm - 30cm) |
Yucca elephantipes (Spineless Yucca) is a tall, upright succulent shrub or small tree with thickening trunks resembling an elephant’s foot. Topped by spiral rosettes of smooth, spineless, sword-shaped blue-green leaves, it can grow leaves up to 4 feet long. In summer, mature plants produce tall stalks bearing clusters of creamy-white, edible flowers, ideal for xeriscapes and Mediterranean landscapes.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 15' - 30' (4.6m - 9.1m) |
Spread | 15' - 25' (4.6m - 7.6m) |
Adenium arabicum is a striking succulent known for its thick, swollen caudex and vibrant, tubular flowers in shades of red and pink. Native to the Arabian Peninsula, it thrives in arid environments and is popular for bonsai and desert gardens due to its drought tolerance and sculptural appearance.
Hardiness | 10 - 11 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 2' - 10' (60cm - 3m) |
Spread | 2' - 5' (60cm - 150cm) |
With its majestic presence, Mountain Aloe (Aloe marlothii) is a large evergreen succulent that forms a dense rosette of grayish green leaves up to 5 ft. (1.5 meters) long. Adorned with reddish-brown spines, the leaves taper to a sharp point. It produces a spreading, branched panicle with tubular flowers ranging from orange-red to yellow or bright red.
Hardiness | 9 - 12 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 8' - 10' (240cm - 3m) |
Spread | 4' - 6' (120cm - 180cm) |
Agave attenuata (Fox Tail Agave) is a striking evergreen succulent with smooth, pale green leaves forming rosettes up to 4 feet wide. Unlike many agaves, its leaves lack teeth or spines, making it safer to handle. In summer, a tall, arching flower stalk resembling a fox’s tail emerges, reaching 5–10 feet, with greenish-yellow blooms. This agave thrives as a dramatic focal point in gardens or containers, adding elegance to xeriscapes and arid landscapes.
Hardiness | 9 - 12 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 4' - 5' (120cm - 150cm) |
Spread | 6' - 8' (180cm - 240cm) |
Agave filifera (Thread Agave) is an evergreen succulent forming rosettes of dark green leaves adorned with decorative white threads along the edges. After 10+ years, it produces a tall flower spike, up to 8 feet, with clusters of greenish-white flowers. The flowering rosette dies, but offsets form new colonies at the base.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Spread | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Frithia pulchra, known as Fairy Elephant’s Feet, is a charming South African succulent. This compact plant, reaching about 3-4 inches in height (7-10 cm) and 6-8 inches wide (15-20 cm), features unique cylindrical leaves with translucent tips. It blooms in spring and summer, producing delicate pink or purplish flowers. It’s a drought-tolerant species, ideal for rock gardens and containers, perfect for low-water landscapes.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 3" - 4" (8cm - 10cm) |
Spread | 6" - 8" (15cm - 20cm) |
Agave vilmoriniana ‘Stained Glass’ (Octopus Agave) is a stunning evergreen succulent with arching blue-green leaves edged in creamy-yellow margins, resembling octopus tentacles. Toothless yet lined with sharp serrations, it’s safe for walkways and containers. Mature plants bloom once after 7-10 years, producing golden-yellow flowers on a 10 ft. spike. Though monocarpic, it forms plantlets along the bloom stalk for propagation. This agave adds dramatic beauty to sunny borders and containers.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 3' - 4' (90cm - 120cm) |
Spread | 3' - 4' (90cm - 120cm) |
Aloe striata, also known as Coral Aloe, is a frost-hardy succulent with broad, flat leaves that turn pink in full sun or blue-gray in the shade. It produces clusters of brilliant coral flowers on tall stems in late winter to early spring. This Aloe can form small colonies through offsets around the base.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
Aptenia cordifolia ‘Variegata’ (Baby Sun Rose) is a trailing succulent that forms a dense carpet of heart-shaped, glossy green leaves with creamy-white edges. Bright pink or purple daisy-like flowers bloom in spring, summer, and nearly year-round in tropical climates. Heat, drought, and salt tolerant, it thrives in rock gardens, containers, hanging baskets, and coastal landscapes.
Hardiness | 10 - 11 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 6" (15cm) |
Spread | 1' - 2' (30cm - 60cm) |
A fascinating North American Agave, Agave chrysantha (Golden Flowered Century Plant) is an evergreen, perennial succulent forming a pretty rosette of fleshy, sword-shaped, gray-green leaves which radiate gracefully from the center of the plant, giving it a neat and rounded shape. Deeply guttered, the leaves are lined with sharp spines along their edges and with a terminal spine.
Hardiness | 7 - 10 |
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Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 2' - 3' (60cm - 90cm) |
Spread | 4' - 5' (120cm - 150cm) |
Snake Plants, adaptable to both indoors and outdoors in warmer climates, are celebrated for their architectural foliage and minimal care requirements. Thriving from low light to bright, indirect sunlight, they enhance spaces with their air-purifying qualities and drought tolerance, making them an excellent choice for easy-care greenery in any setting.
Hardiness | 10 - 12 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 6" - 8' (15cm - 240cm) |
Spread | 6" - 2' (15cm - 60cm) |
Hailing from Mexico and Central America, Echeverias are renowned for their exquisite beauty among succulent enthusiasts. These evergreen plants form alluring rosettes of succulent leaves, often resembling roses, waterlilies, or lettuce. With numerous species and cultivars, they present a diverse range of colors, sizes, and leaf shapes.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 4" - 8" (10cm - 20cm) |
Spread | 4" - 1' (10cm - 30cm) |
Native to Southern Europe and Western Asia, Sempervivum, also known as Hens and Chicks or Houseleek, is a resilient succulent that forms attractive mats of evergreen rosettes. These charming plants display a wide range of colors, from light to dark green, brown, pink, and purple, with variations in leaf shape, texture, and glossiness. Their foliage adapts to different sun exposures, seasons, and climates, adding to their allure.
Hardiness | 3 - 8 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 4" - 6" (10cm - 15cm) |
Spread | 6" - 2' (15cm - 60cm) |
Haworthia, a genus of small, rosette-forming succulents, is celebrated for its striking, often translucent foliage and low maintenance requirements. Ideal for indoor environments, these plants thrive in bright, indirect light and require minimal watering, making them a perfect choice for both novice gardeners and seasoned plant enthusiasts alike.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
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Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 2" - 1' (5cm - 30cm) |
Spread | 2" - 1' (5cm - 30cm) |
Mammillaria are a great addition to any garden or indoor space due to their unique appearance, colorful flowers, low-maintenance nature, and drought tolerance.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Crassula is a diverse and intriguing genus of succulent plants known for their interesting foliage, low maintenance requirements, and drought tolerance. They make excellent additions to indoor spaces, rock gardens, and water-wise landscapes, offering unique beauty and texture.
Hardiness | 9 - 12 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Originating from the Canary Islands, Aeonium is a genus of captivating succulents with alluring rosettes of fleshy, swirling leaves. Even without blooms, their appeal is undeniable, but it is their vibrant racemes of petite, star-shaped flowers that truly make them stand out.
Hardiness | 9 - 11 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Sun |
Height | 1' - 5' (30cm - 150cm) |
Spread | 1' - 5' (30cm - 150cm) |
Prickly Pear (Opuntia) is a rugged cactus known for its paddle-like pads and vibrant, edible fruits. Thriving in arid regions, it requires minimal care, making it a popular choice for xeriscaping. Its sweet and juicy fruits are not only a culinary delight but also offer potential health benefits.
Hardiness | 4 - 11 |
---|---|
Exposure | Full Sun |
Height | 6" - 15' (15cm - 4.6m) |
Spread | 1' - 15' (30cm - 4.6m) |
Hoyas, also known as wax plants, are beloved evergreen perennials renowned for their glossy leaves and stunning, fragrant flower clusters. Adaptable and easy to care for, they make ideal houseplants thriving in bright, indirect light. Their diverse species offer a variety of leaf shapes and bloom colors, enhancing indoor gardens.
Hardiness | 10 - 12 |
---|---|
Exposure | Partial Sun |
Height | 1' - 30' (30cm - 9.1m) |
Succulents are popular for their low-maintenance needs and ability to thrive in varied conditions. However, proper care ensures they stay healthy and vibrant for years. Here are essential care guidelines for succulents:
Aloe, Ponytail Palm, Jade Plant, Echeveria, Aeonium,Sedum
Succulents come in a wide variety of types, both indoor and outdoor. Some of the most common succulents include Aloe vera, jade plant (Crassula ovata), agave, snake plant (Dracaena trifasciata), and echeveria. These are popular due to their ease of care and ability to thrive in both home and landscape settings.
Hard-to-maintain succulents include species with specific water or light requirements, such as Thanksgiving cactus (Schlumbergera truncata) or tropical succulents like orchid cacti that require humid environments and regular watering.
For beginners, the best choices are succulents like jade plants, snake plants, and string of pearls, as they tolerate neglect and require minimal water and care.
A stressed succulent may show signs such as drooping, shriveled leaves, browning, or discoloration. These symptoms can indicate underwatering, overwatering, or exposure to improper light conditions. When stressed, leaves may turn reddish as a natural reaction to intense light exposure.
Succulents generally thrive in full sun but can also adapt to bright, indirect light. Indoor succulents typically prefer several hours of sunlight, while outdoor varieties like agave need direct sun to maintain their vibrant foliage. Proper placement ensures healthy growth and coloration.
Plant Type | Cactus & Succulents |
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Genus | Echeveria, Euphorbia, Crassula, Mammillaria, Opuntia, Kalanchoe, Haworthia, Aeonium, Agave, Yucca, Senecio, Sedum, Sempervivum, Aloe |
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Create a membership account to save your garden designs and to view them on any device.
Becoming a contributing member of Gardenia is easy and can be done in just a few minutes. If you provide us with your name, email address and the payment of a modest $25 annual membership fee, you will become a full member, enabling you to design and save up to 25 of your garden design ideas.
Join now and start creating your dream garden!